Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30738896›Full record

ReviewCurrent problems in pediatric and adolescent health care2019

Implicit Bias: What Every Pediatrician Should Know About the Effect of Bias on Health and Future Directions.

Jeanette Schnierle, Nicole Christian-Brathwaite, Margee Louisias

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current problems in pediatric and adolescent health care, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Staff perspectives on racial inequities in the neonatal intensive care unit: the REJOICE study.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jeanette SchnierleHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Ohio State University College of Medicine, United States.
Nicole Christian-BrathwaiteRiverside Community Care, 270 Bridge Street, Dedham, MA 02026, United States.
Margee LouisiasBoston Children's Hospital, Division of Allergy and Immunology, 1 Autumn Street, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Brigham and Women's Hospital Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, United States; Harvard Medical School, United States. Electronic address: mlouisias@bwh.harvard.edu.

Funding

Mentored Career Development for Child and Family Centered Outcomes ResearchK12HS022986 · AHRQ · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI FINKELSTEIN, JONATHAN A · 2014 to 2018
$3.8M
AHRQ HHS K12 HS022986NHLBI NIH HHS L30 HL143781
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Implicit bias has entered modern discourse as a result of our current sociopolitical climate. It is an area that has been largely explored in the social sciences, and was highlighted in the landmark 2003 IOM report, Unequal Treatment, as a contributor to racial/ethnic health disparities. Implicit bias is the process of unconscious societal attitudes affecting our individual understanding, actions and decisions, thus leading to assumptions about groups. Immigrant populations are particularly at risk in our present-day environment, and as a result experience limited healthcare access and higher levels of psychological distress. There are many measures of implicit bias, but the most highly regarded tool is the Implicit Association Test (IAT), as it is valid and reliable. Some level of pro-White/anti-Black bias has been found in most systematic reviews and studies, although there are less studies on bias towards Latinx populations. Limited evidence exists about the association between implicit bias and health outcomes. However, existing publications have demonstrated clear associations between bias and treatment recommendations, nonverbal communication, adverse birth outcomes and provider communication styles. Implicit biases can be unlearned via debiasing strategies, but these have not been examined extensively amongst health care providers. Future research must rely on more than pre- and post-IAT measurements to examine the effect of these strategies on improving patient outcomes. Additionally, healthcare system leadership must prioritize implicit bias trainings for students and medical staff and make greater tangible efforts to improve workforce diversity as a debiasing strategy.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelPhysician-Patient RelationsChildChild Health ServicesEmigrants and ImmigrantsHealthcare DisparitiesHumansPediatriciansRacismUnconscious, Psychology

Identifiers

PMID30738896
PMCPMC6652181

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.