Trial reportClinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)2020
Malaria early in the first pregnancy: Potential impact of iron status.
Trial report in Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01210040 (Malaria Risk Prior to and During Early Pregnancy in Nulliparous Women Receiving Long-term Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation), which is not on this map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Malaria Risk Prior to and During Early Pregnancy in Nulliparous Women Receiving Long-term Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation (WIFS): a Non-inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Associations Between Climate-Sensitive Nutrients, Clinical Malaria, and Anaemia Among Young Children in Rural Burkina Faso: An Analysis of Baseline Data From a Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Trial
- Associations of maternal iron deficiency with malaria infection in a cohort of pregnant Papua New Guinean women.Malaria journal · 2022Trial
- Risk of malaria in young children after periconceptional iron supplementation.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Trial
- Iron Status of Burkinabé Adolescent Girls Predicts Malaria Risk in the Following Rainy Season.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Prevalence of placental Plasmodium falciparum malaria and associated factors among pregnant women in health facilities in Eastern Uganda.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Cytokine-Driven Immune Phenotypes at Delivery as Indicators of Malaria Infection Among Primigravidae in Burkina Faso: An Exploratory Analysis.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Hepcidin across pregnancy and its correlation with maternal markers of iron and inflammation, maternal body weight outcomes, and offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AJOG global reports · 2023Review
- The relationship between markers of antenatal iron stores and birth outcomes differs by malaria prevention regimen-a prospective cohort study.BMC medicine · 2021Article
- Seasonal patterns of malaria, genital infection, nutritional and iron status in non-pregnant and pregnant adolescents in Burkina Faso: a secondary analysis of trial data.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Coverage of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) influences delivery outcomes among women with obstetric referrals at the district level in Ghana.Malaria journal · 2020Article
- Testing an infection model to explain excess risk of preterm birth with long-term iron supplementation in a malaria endemic area.Malaria journal · 2019Article
- Mucosal lactoferrin response to genital tract infections is associated with iron and nutritional biomarkers in young Burkinabé women.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsLow iron stores may protect from malaria infection, therefore improving iron stores in early pregnancy in line with current recommendations could increase malaria susceptibility. To test this hypothesis we compared iron biomarkers and red cell indices in nulliparae and primigravidae who participated in a randomized controlled trial of long-term weekly iron supplementation.
methodsCross-sectional and longitudinal data analysis from a randomized controlled trial of long-term weekly iron supplementation in rural Burkina Faso. Malaria parasitaemia was monitored and biomarkers and red cell indices measured at study end-points: plasma ferritin, transferrin receptor (sTfR), zinc protoporphyrin, hepcidin, sTfR/log
resultsIron and haematological indices of 972 nulliparae (mean age 16.5 years) and 314 primigravidae (median gestation 18 weeks) were available. Malaria prevalence was 54.0% in primigravidae and 41.8% in nulliparae (relative risk 1.28, 95% CI 1.13-1.45, P < 0.001), anaemia prevalence 69.7% and 43.4% (P < 0.001), and iron deficient erythropoiesis (low body iron) 8.0% and 11.7% (P = 0.088) respectively. Unlike other biomarkers the sTfR/log
conclusionIn primigravidae, early pregnancy haemoglobin was not a good indicator of requirement for iron supplementation, which could be detrimental given the association of better iron status with increased malaria infection.
trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov:NCT01210040. Until placed in a public repository, data relating to the current study can be requested from the corresponding author and will be made available following an end user data agreement and sponsor approval.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.