ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2020
Similarities and differences of dietary and other determinants of iodine status in pregnant women from three European birth cohorts.
Article in European journal of nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dairy Intake and Iodine Status in Pregnant and Lactating Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- An Evaluation of Food and Nutrient Intake among Pregnant Women in The Netherlands: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Empirical comparison of iodine excretion estimated from spot urine samples with measured 24-hour urinary iodine excretion in healthy adults.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2026Article
- Iodine deficiency in the first pregnancy trimester and intelligence in adolescence.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Serum thyroglobulin levels are predictive of urinary iodine concentration thresholds for defining population iodine status.The British journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency among pregnant women in Ireland: data from a large prospective pregnancy cohort.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Dietary and related data collected during pregnancy in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).Wellcome open research · 2025Article
- Autoimmune Thyroid Disease and Pregnancy: The Interaction Between Genetics, Epigenetics and Environmental Factors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Iodine status and knowledge among pregnant and lactating women in Large City in Northern China after nearly 30 years of the universal salt iodization.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Thyroid function and iodine intake: global recommendations and relevant dietary trends.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2024Review
- Exploration of thyroglobulin as a biomarker of iodine status in iodine-sufficient and mildly iodine-deficient pregnant women.European journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Iodine nutrition status and thyroid autoimmunity during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study of 4635 pregnant women.Nutrition journal · 2022Article
- Ethnic differences in adverse iron status in early pregnancy: a cross-sectional population-based study.Journal of nutritional science · 2022Article
- Dairy as a Source of Iodine and Protein in the UK: Implications for Human Health Across the Life Course, and Future Policy and Research.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Iodine supplementation for pregnant women: a cross-sectional national interventional study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2021Article
- Iodine status of pregnant women with obesity from inner city populations in the United Kingdom.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
- Iodine status during pregnancy and at 6 weeks, 6, 12 and 18 months post-partum.Maternal & child nutrition · 2021Article
- Maternal and neonatal outcomes and determinants of iodine deficiency in third trimester of pregnancy in an iodine sufficient area.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAs a component of thyroid hormones, adequate iodine intake is essential during pregnancy for fetal neurodevelopment. Across Europe, iodine deficiency is common in pregnancy, but data are lacking on the predictors of iodine status at this life stage. We, therefore, aimed to explore determinants of iodine status during pregnancy in three European populations of differing iodine status.
methodsData were from 6566 pregnant women from three prospective population-based birth cohorts from the United Kingdom (ALSPAC, n = 2852), Spain (INMA, n = 1460), and The Netherlands (Generation R, n = 2254). Urinary iodine-to-creatinine ratio (UI/Creat, µg/g) was measured in spot-urine samples in pregnancy (≤ 18-weeks gestation). Maternal dietary intake, categorised by food groups (g/day), was estimated from food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs). Multivariable regression models used dietary variables (energy-adjusted) and maternal characteristics as predictors of iodine status.
resultsMedian UI/Creat in pregnant women of ALSPAC, INMA, and Generation R was 121, 151, and 210 µg/g, respectively. Maternal age was positively associated with UI/Creat in all cohorts (P < 0.001), while UI/Creat varied by ethnicity only in Generation R (P < 0.05). Of the dietary predictors, intake of milk and dairy products (per 100 g/day) was positively associated with UI/Creat in all cohorts [ALSPAC (B = 3.73, P < 0.0001); INMA (B = 6.92, P = 0.002); Generation R (B = 2.34, P = 0.001)]. Cohort-specific dietary determinants positively associated with UI/Creat included fish and shellfish in ALSPAC and INMA, and eggs and cereal/cereal products in Generation R.
conclusionsThe cohort-specific dietary determinants probably reflect not only dietary habits but iodine-fortification policies; hence, public-health interventions to improve iodine intake in pregnancy need to be country-specific.
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