ReviewFrontiers in psychiatry2018
Characterizing the Interplay Between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Comorbid Medical Conditions: An Integrative Review.
Review in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 80 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The search for gastrointestinal inflammation in autism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of non-invasive gastrointestinal markers.Molecular autism · 2024Pooled it
- Genomic insights and advanced machine learning: characterizing autism spectrum disorder biomarkers and genetic interactions.Metabolic brain disease · 2024Pooled it
- Factor associated with the occurrence of epilepsy in autism: a systematic review.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2023Pooled it
- Axo-axonic cells in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- A comparison between children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and healthy controls in biomedical factors, trace elements, and microbiota biomarkers: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-morbidities in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Anxiety, repetitive and restricted behaviors and interests, and social communication in autistic adults: an exploratory analysis of a phase 3, randomized clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- The association between ADHD and physical health: a co-twin control study.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Effect of prednisolone on language function in children with autistic spectrum disorder: a randomized clinical trial.Jornal de pediatriaTrial
- Excitation/Inhibition Balance as a Mechanistic Link Between Sleep Disturbance and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Bidirectional Framework.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Review
- Enhancing Service Providers' Fidelity of Functional Behavior Assessment Implementation for Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Saudi Arabia.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Epilepsy in autism spectrum disorder: examining prevalence and associated factors in a large cross-sectional study.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2026Article
- Review
- Human GlyRα2 pore dynamics in gating and inhibition.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2026Article
- Integrating Multimodal Neuroimaging and Physical-Health Markers for Autism Spectrum Disorder in the ABCD Study.Journal of integrative neuroscience · 2026Article
- Integration of specialized residential interventions with community-based services for autistic adults with severe challenging behaviors: preliminary evidence from the Piedmont model.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Direct and Indirect Effects of Autism Spectrum Disorder Severity on Dental Health Status in Children and Adolescents: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Scoping Review of Socio-Ecological Factors Contributing to Sleep Health Disparities in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Co-occurring medical disorders and associated physiological abnormalities in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may provide insight into causal pathways or underlying biological mechanisms. Here, we review medical conditions that have been repeatedly highlighted as sharing the strongest associations with ASD-epilepsy, sleep, as well as gastrointestinal and immune functioning. We describe within each condition their prevalence, associations with behavior, and evidence for successful treatment. We additionally discuss research aiming to uncover potential aetiological mechanisms. We then consider the potential interaction between each group of conditions and ASD and, based on the available evidence, propose a model that integrates these medical comorbidities in relation to potential shared aetiological mechanisms. Future research should aim to systematically examine the interactions between these physiological systems, rather than considering these in isolation, using robust and sensitive biomarkers across an individual's development. A consideration of the overlap between medical conditions and ASD may aid in defining biological subtypes within ASD and in the development of specific targeted interventions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.