ArticleHealth and quality of life outcomes2019
Assessment of patients' self-perceived intensive care unit discomforts: Validation of the 18-item version of the IPREA.
Article in Health and quality of life outcomes, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02442934 (A Multicomponent Intervention to Reduce Perceived Discomforts in Critically Ill Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Multicomponent Intervention to Reduce Perceived Discomforts in Critically Ill Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- European Society of Intensive Care Medicine guidelines on end of life and palliative care in the intensive care unit.Intensive care medicine · 2024Guideline
- Quantifying the recollection of discomfort and emotional suffering during a stay in intensive care: development and validation of the EXPRIM questionnaire : EXPRIM: quantification of discomfort experienced during an ICU stay.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of pain, delirium, psychiatric disorders, discomfort and sedation-analgesia management in the intensive care unit: a one-day nationwide study.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Article
- Article
- Thirst in ICU Patients: A Scoping Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Construction of an assessment scale for thirst severity in critically ill patients and its reliability and validity.Journal of clinical nursing · 2025Article
- Observational
- Thirst in critical patients and its associated factors.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2025Article
- Development of safety protocols for managing thirst in post-extubated and tracheostomized patients.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2025Article
- A practice-based model to guide nursing science and improve the health and well-being of patients and caregivers.Journal of clinical nursing · 2022Article
- Risk factors and events in the adult intensive care unit associated with pain as self-reported at the end of the intensive care unit stay.Critical care (London, England) · 2020Article
- Nurses' Attitudes, Practices, and Barriers to Assessing Symptoms of Discomfort in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.SAGE open nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
30 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsWe reported the validation of the 18-item version of the 'Inconforts des Patients de REAnimation (IPREA)' questionnaire that includes 2 new items exploring feeling depressed and shortness of breath during an intensive care unit (ICU) stay.
methodsThe validation process was integrated in a multicenter, cluster-randomized, controlled, two-parallel group study built to assess the effectiveness of a tailored multicomponent program for reducing self-perceived discomfort in the ICU. All patients aged 18 years or older who survived an ICU stay of 3 calendar days or more were eligible for inclusion. Data collection included demographics (sex, age), type of admission (medical and surgical), health status scores at admission (Knaus score and McCabe index, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II), specific ICU therapeutics such as mechanical ventilation (MV), noninvasive ventilation (NIV), use of vasopressors, or renal replacement therapy (RRT), and ICU stay duration.
resultsA total of 994 patients were included. The initial structure of IPREA was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis showing satisfactory fit (RMSEA at 0.042, CFI at 0.912). No multidimensional structure was identified, allowing the calculation of an overall discomfort score. The three highest discomforts were sleep deprivation, thirst, and perfusion lines and other devices, and the 3 lowest discomforts were limited visiting hours, hunger, and isolation. The overall discomfort score of the 18-item version of IPREA did not differ between men and women. Higher age was significantly correlated with a lower overall discomfort score. While MV was not linked to self-reported discomfort, patients treated by NIV reported higher overall discomfort scores than patients not treated by NIV.
conclusionThe 18-item version of IPREA is easy to use and possesses satisfactory psychometric properties. The availability of a reliable and valid French questionnaire asking about patients' self-perceived ICU discomforts enables feedback from the health care team to be incorporated in a continuous quality health care improvement strategy.
trial registrationclinicaltrial.gov NCT02442934 (registration date: May 18, 2015, retrospectively registered).
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