ArticlePM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation2019
Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Spinal Cord Injuries: A Population-Based Study.
Article in PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Mental health outcomes across the reproductive life course among women with disabilities: a systematic review.Archives of women's mental health · 2025Pooled it
- Breastfeeding After Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review of Prevalence and Associated Complications.Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Maternal disability and risk for pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2020Pooled it
- Pregnancy outcomes in people with spinal cord injury: A cross-sectional study.Obstetric medicine · 2026Article
- Pregnancy care and intrapartum management of a woman with high-level cervical spinal cord injury and neurogenic bladder: a case report.Case reports in women's health · 2026Article
- Severe Maternal Morbidity and Other Perinatal Complications Among Black, Hispanic, and White Birthing Persons With and Without Physical Disabilities.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2025Article
- Intersectional inequities in maternal mortality: Examining the compounded risks for black birthing individuals with physical disabilities.Disability and health journal · 2025Article
- Reproductive health programs in women with physical disabilities: A scoping review protocol.PloS one · 2025Article
- Obstetrical Outcomes in Women With a History of Bladder Augmentation.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Review
- A physiatrist's role in managing unique challenges in pregnancy and delivery in a patient with incomplete lumbar SCI: a case report.Spinal cord series and cases · 2024Article
- Birth Outcomes and Rehospitalizations Among Pregnant Women With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Their Offspring.Arthritis care & research · 2023Article
- Spinal cord injury during early pregnancy: Problems in the course of rehabilitation and infant care, a case report.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2023Article
- Reproductive Concerns Among Women with Disability: A Host of Opportunities for Reproductive Health Care Professionals.Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India · 2023Review
- Cannabis health survey on usage in women with spinal cord injury and knowledge among physicians: A cross-sectional study.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2023Article
- VTE prophylaxis in pregnant people with chronic physical disability: Data from a physicians survey and the need for guidance.Obstetric medicine · 2023Article
- Severe maternal morbidity and other perinatal complications among women with physical, sensory, or intellectual and developmental disabilities.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2022Article
- Pathophysiology, Classification and Comorbidities after Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Autonomic Dysfunction and Management after Spinal Cord Injury: A Narrative Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPregnant women with congenital or acquired spinal cord injury face challenges due to compromised neurologic function and mobility, factors that may also affect fetal/infant health. Few studies have examined pregnancy course and longer-term outcomes in this population.
objectiveTo assess pregnancy outcomes among women with spinal cord injury, paralysis, or spina bifida using population-based data.
designRetrospective cohort study.
settingWashington state linked birth-hospital discharge records.
participantsAll women (N = 529) with spinal cord injury, paralysis, or spina bifida with singleton live birth deliveries 1987-2012, and a comparison group of women without disabilities (N = 5282).
methodsDiagnosis codes were screened to identify cases and a 10:1 random sample of comparison women. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated overall and separately for each condition using multivariable regression. Subsequent hospitalizations or death were identified via linkage to hospital discharge/death records for 2 years after delivery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Pregnancy course (weight gain, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, infection, venous thromboembolism), delivery/labor characteristics, infant characteristics (birthweight/size, gestational age), and longer-term outcomes (occurrence/reasons for maternal/infant rehospitalization, mortality).
resultsWomen with these spinal conditions had increased adjusted risks of prenatal urinary tract infection/pyelonephritis (RR 26.43, 95% CI 13.97-49.99), venous thromboembolism (RR 9.16, 95% CI 2.17-38.60), preterm rupture of membranes (RR 2.15, 95% CI 1.18-3.90), and cesarean delivery (RR 1.88, 95% CI 1.70-2.09). They had longer hospitalizations and increased rehospitalization (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.28-1.87), including for postpartum depression (RR 8.15, 4.29-15.48) or injury (RR 13.05, 95% CI 6.60-25.81). Their infants were more often small for gestational age (RR 1.65, 95% CI 1.33-2.06), but had no increased risk of rehospitalization or death.
conclusionsWe observed no increased long-term morbidity among infants of women with these conditions. Possible increased maternal morbidities during the first postpartum years indicate areas for intervention. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
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