Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30728393›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2019

An experimental genetically attenuated live vaccine to prevent transmission of Toxoplasma gondii by cats.

Chandra Ramakrishnan, Simone Maier, Robert A Walker, Hubert Rehrauer, Deborah E Joekel, Rahel R Winiger, Walter U Basso, Michael E Grigg, Adrian B Hehl, Peter Deplazes and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
109citing papers in PubMed
16.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

109 citing papers in PubMed, 186 citations in OpenAlex.

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49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Chandra RamakrishnanInstitute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland.
Simone MaierInstitute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland.
Robert A WalkerInstitute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland.
Hubert RehrauerFunctional Genomics Center Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-7612-9394
Deborah E JoekelInstitute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland.
Rahel R WinigerInstitute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland.
Walter U BassoInstitute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland.
Michael E GriggMolecular Parasitology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Adrian B HehlInstitute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland. adrian.hehl@uzh.ch.
Peter DeplazesInstitute of Parasitology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland. deplazesp@access.uzh.ch.
Nicholas C SmithResearch School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia. nick.smith@parasite.org.au.ORCID 0000-0002-7467-1451
University of Zurich · CHZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences · CHAustralian National University · AUNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases · US

Funding

Toxoplasma Surface Antigens and ImmunityZIAAI001017 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI GRIGG, MICHAEL · 2009 to 2025
$9.9M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Almost any warm-blooded creature can be an intermediate host for Toxoplasma gondii. However, sexual reproduction of T. gondii occurs only in felids, wherein fertilisation of haploid macrogametes by haploid microgametes, results in diploid zygotes, around which a protective wall develops, forming unsporulated oocysts. Unsporulated oocysts are shed in the faeces of cats and meiosis gives rise to haploid sporozoites within the oocysts. These, now infectious, sporulated oocysts contaminate the environment as a source of infection for people and their livestock. RNA-Seq analysis of cat enteric stages of T. gondii uncovered genes expressed uniquely in microgametes and macrogametes. A CRISPR/Cas9 strategy was used to create a T. gondii strain that exhibits defective fertilisation, decreased fecundity and generates oocysts that fail to produce sporozoites. Inoculation of cats with this engineered parasite strain totally prevented oocyst excretion following infection with wild-type T. gondii, demonstrating that this mutant is an attenuated, live, transmission-blocking vaccine.

Indexed as

AnimalsCatsCRISPR-Cas SystemsFecesFemaleFertilizationGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression RegulationGene SilencingMaleProtozoan ProteinsProtozoan VaccinesSequence Analysis, RNAToxoplasmaToxoplasmosis, AnimalVaccines, AttenuatedProtozoan ProteinsProtozoan VaccinesVaccines, Attenuated

Identifiers

PMID30728393
PMCPMC6365665
OpenAlexW2914480421

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.