Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30727025›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental medicine and child neurology2019

Mortality due to cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and cancer in adults with cerebral palsy.

Jennifer M Ryan, Mark D Peterson, Nicola Ryan, Kimberley J Smith, Neil E O'connell, Silvia Liverani, Nana Anokye, Christina Victor, Elizabeth Allen

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental medicine and child neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  15. Paediatric sleep diagnostics in the 21st century: the era of "sleep-omics"?European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jennifer M RyanDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0003-3768-2132
Mark D PetersonDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Nicola RyanDepartment of Cardiology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK.
Kimberley J SmithDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
Neil E O'connellInstitute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, UK.
Silvia LiveraniSchool of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Nana AnokyeInstitute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, UK.
Christina VictorInstitute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, London, UK.
Elizabeth AllenDepartment of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo compare mortality rates for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory disease between adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and the general population.

methodA cohort study was conducted using data from adults with CP in England, identified through a primary care data set (the Clinical Practice Research Datalink), with linked data on death registrations from the Office for National Statistics. Cause of death was categorized according to International Classification of Diseases codes. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated to compare mortality rates between adults with CP and the general population, adjusted for age, sex, and calendar year.

resultsNine hundred and fifty-eight adults with CP were identified (52.5% males, 47.5% females; median age at start of follow-up 31y [interquartile range 22-43y]) and followed for a total of 7693 person-years. One hundred and forty-two patients (15%) died during follow-up. Adults with CP had an increased risk of death due to cardiovascular disease (SMR: 3.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.20-4.62) and respiratory disease (SMR: 13.59, 95% CI 9.89-18.67), but not from malignant neoplasms (SMR: 1.42, 95% CI 0.83-2.45).

interpretationWe found that adults with CP in England have increased risk of death due to diseases of the circulatory and respiratory systems, supporting findings from two studies that compared cause-specific mortality rates between adults with CP in the USA and the general population. Further research is required into primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and respiratory disease in people with CP worldwide. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: Adults with cerebral palsy (CP) in England have 14-fold increased risk of mortality due to diseases of the respiratory system. They have a 3-fold increased risk of mortality due to diseases of the circulatory system. Adults with CP had an increased risk of death due to cerebrovascular disease and ischaemic heart disease. The elevated risk of ischaemic heart disease, however, did not reach statistical significance at the 5% per cent level.

Indexed as

AdultCardiovascular DiseasesCause of DeathCerebral PalsyComorbidityEnglandFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMortalityNeoplasmsRespiration DisordersYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID30727025
PMCPMC6850409

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.