ArticleAnnals of intensive care2019
The clinical efficacy of intravenous IgM-enriched immunoglobulin (pentaglobin) in sepsis or septic shock: a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.
Article in Annals of intensive care, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- IgM-Enriched Immunoglobulin As Adjunctive Therapy in Adult Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Critical care explorations · 2026Pooled it
- Benefits of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin on mortality in patients with severe COVID-19: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Association Use of Bisphosphonates with Risk of Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.BioMed research international · 2020Pooled it
- High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin versus albumin 4% in paediatric toxic shock syndrome: a randomised controlled feasibility study.Archives of disease in childhood · 2024Trial
- [Pharmacological immunomodulation in sepsis].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2026Review
- Phenotype-based appropriateness of IGM-enriched polyclonal immunoglobulin use in critical illness: report of an expert consensus.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2026Review
- Early Immune Phenotype-Guided Immunomodulatory Strategies and Intensive Care Outcomes in Septic Shock: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Observational
- Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Early hematologic cellular effects of IgM-enriched intravenous immunoglobulin in pediatric sepsis: a retrospective cohort study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Post-Transplant Sepsis After Liver Transplantation: Clinical Characteristics and Therapeutic Challenges.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The Efficacy of IgM-Enriched Immunoglobulin (eIg) Administration for Treatment of Sepsis and Septic Shock in Adult Surgical Patients: A Single-Center, Retrospective, Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Modes of (Inter)Actions of Polyvalent Immunoglobulins: Nonclinical and Clinical Research in Severe Bacterial Infections.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Trimodulin supports antibacterial defence and restricts inflammation in preclinical pneumonia models.The European respiratory journal · 2026Article
- Hemorheological and microcirculatory effects of Pentaglobin therapy in an experimental model of fulminant sepsis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- BCG-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles Induce TLR2-Dependent Trained Immunity to Protect Against Polymicrobial Sepsis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Immune Dysregulation in Sepsis. A Narrative Review for the Clinicians.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Plasma proteomics identifies molecular subtypes in sepsis.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Article
- A Novel Scoring System for the Administration of an IgM- and IgA-Enriched Intravenous Immunoglobulin Preparation: The SORRISO Score.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Immunomodulation in Pediatric Sepsis: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Sepsis-induced immunosuppression: mechanisms, biomarkers and immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSepsis is characterized by a complex immune response. This meta-analysis evaluated the clinical effectiveness of intravenous IgM-enriched immunoglobulin (IVIgGM) in patients with sepsis and septic shock.
methodsFour databases, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the ISI Web of Knowledge, and Embase, were systematically searched from inception to June 2018 to update the 2013 edition of the Cochrane review by two investigators, who independently selected studies, extracted relevant data, and evaluated study quality. Data were subjected to a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) for the primary and secondary outcomes. Level of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) scale.
resultsNineteen studies comprising 1530 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled analyses showed that the use of IVIgGM reduced the mortality risk of septic patients (relative risk 0.60; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52-0.69, I
conclusionAdministration of IVIgGM to adult septic patients may be associated with reduced mortality. Treatment effects tended to be smaller or less consistent when including only those studies deemed adequate for each indicator. The available evidence is not clearly sufficient to support the widespread use of IVIgGM in the treatment of sepsis. Trial registration PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018084120. Registered on 11 February 2018.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.