SynthesisHNO2019
[Diagnostics and treatment of olfactory dysfunction].
Synthesis in HNO, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy of olfactory training in improving olfactory function: a meta-analysis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024Pooled it
- The APOLLO trial: a proof-of-concept study for vitamin A nasal drops in COVID-19-related postinfectious olfactory dysfunction.Chemical senses · 2026Trial
- Acupuncture is associated with a positive effect on odour discrimination in patients with postinfectious smell loss-a controlled prospective study.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Trial
- The Unmet Need of Olfactory Testing in Inflammatory Disorders of the Upper Airways-An EAACI Position Paper.Allergy · 2026Review
- Article
- Post COVID-19 and Long COVID Symptoms in Otorhinolaryngology-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- IL-6 and Olfactory Dysfunction: Focus on Changes, Effects, and Mechanisms.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Review
- Article
- Impact of olfactory disorders on personal safety and well-being: a cross-sectional observational study.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024Observational
- Article
- Olfactory Loss in Rhinosinusitis: Mechanisms of Loss and Recovery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Time-frequency analysis of gustatory event related potentials (gERP) in taste disorders.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Review
- [The problem of long/post-COVID in expert assessments].Unfallchirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Olfactory Dysfunction: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2023Review
- Neurological manifestations of post-COVID-19 syndrome S1-guideline of the German society of neurology.Neurological research and practice · 2022Article
- Allergo Journal : interdisziplinare Zeitschrift fur Allergologie und Umweltmedizin : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Allergie- und Immunitatsforschung · 2022Review
- First-episode olfactory hallucination in a patient with anxiety disorder: A case report.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Case Report: Acupuncture is an effective treatment for olfactory dysfunction in the post COVID-19 condition.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Olfactory and gustatory disorders in COVID-19.Allergo journal international · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDysosmia is one of the most common disorders in otorhinolaryngology. However, epidemiological data are lacking and treatment strategies are insufficiently standardized.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of causes of olfactory disorders and the different therapeutic approaches used in ENT departments in German-speaking countries. The results were also compared to findings of the survey in 2000. Furthermore, a systematic review of treatment strategies was conducted. MATERIALS AND
methodsIn 2010, a two-page survey addressing olfactory dysfunction was sent to all ENT departments in German-speaking countries. The literature review included sources such as PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and relevant guidelines.
resultsThe diagnosis of dysosmia was made less frequently in ENT departments (decrease of 52%). The three most widely used therapeutic approaches were corticosteroids (topical and systemic) and systemic antibiotics. There is evidence in the literature showing a small to medium effect of topical steroids in sinonasal smell disorders.
conclusionSince a 50% decrease in the prevalence of olfactory disturbances is unlikely, the lower patient numbers may relate to a more critical diagnosis. The use of olfactory training in clinics has increased significantly (from <6% to up to 23%). The use of topical steroids for sinonasal dysosmia is evidence based. Smell training is a safe and effective treatment strategy, especially in post-infectious and post-traumatic olfactory disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.