ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2019
Type I interferon induces CXCL13 to support ectopic germinal center formation.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 156 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
156 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 217 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global research landscape and emerging trends of tertiary lymphoid structures in autoimmune diseases: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Cell and tissue engineering in lymph nodes for cancer immunotherapy.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Follicular T helper cells shape the HCV-specific CD4+ T cell repertoire after virus elimination.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Trial
- Lymphoid Aggregates in the CNS of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Patients Lack Regulatory T Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Tertiary lymphoid structures guided opportunities and challenges for immunotherapy in early gastroesophageal junction cancer and low rectal cancer.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Review
- Targeting T follicular helper cells for lifelong health.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Formation of tertiary lymphoid structures drives Parkin antitumor immunity.Science advances · 2026Article
- Interferon-Mediated Regulation of Memory B Cell Identity and Function.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Targeting IFN-I driven tertiary lymphoid structures halts B cell-mediated bone loss in periodontitis.International journal of oral science · 2026Article
- B cell-intrinsic CXCR3 drives efficient generation of ectopic pulmonary germinal center responses to influenza A virus infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- B cell αv integrin regulates tissue specialization and clonal expansion of lung germinal center and memory B cells after viral infection.Science advances · 2026Article
- Fibroblasts as regulators of lung immunity, repair and fibrosis.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- The formation and function of tertiary lymphoid structures.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Spatial characterization of skin lesions in discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus.Nature communications · 2026Article
- TCF1+CD4+ T cells and microglia co-orchestrate tertiary lymphoid structures to enhance prognosis and immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastases.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Chemokine-chemokine receptor axis: Emerging immunotherapeutic paradigms for solid tumor microenvironment reprogramming.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Mapping immunosuppressive terrain in high-grade serous ovarian cancer: tumor-intrinsic, stromal, and spatial drivers of therapy response.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Review
- Diversity and immune dynamics of choroid plexus macrophages are shaped by distinct developmental origins.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Prospective Biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Seroconversion in Patients with Haematological Malignancies.Vaccines · 2026Article
96 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Ectopic lymphoid structures form in a wide range of inflammatory conditions, including infection, autoimmune disease, and cancer. In the context of infection, this response can be beneficial for the host: influenza A virus infection-induced pulmonary ectopic germinal centers give rise to more broadly cross-reactive antibody responses, thereby generating cross-strain protection. However, despite the ubiquity of ectopic lymphoid structures and their role in both health and disease, little is known about the mechanisms by which inflammation is able to convert a peripheral tissue into one that resembles a secondary lymphoid organ. Here, we show that type I IFN produced after viral infection can induce CXCL13 expression in a phenotypically distinct population of lung fibroblasts, driving CXCR5-dependent recruitment of B cells and initiating ectopic germinal center formation. This identifies type I IFN as a novel inducer of CXCL13, which, in combination with other stimuli, can promote lung remodeling, converting a nonlymphoid tissue into one permissive to functional tertiary lymphoid structure formation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.