ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2019
Stimulant treatment profiles predicting co-occurring substance use disorders in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Holistic Management of Adult ADHD with a History of Addiction: Emphasis on Low-Addiction-Risk Psychopharmacotherapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Telehealth Prescribing of Stimulants for ADHD and Associated Risk for Later Stimulant and Substance Use Disorders.The American journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Stimulant medication and symptom interrelations in children, adolescents and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Does age of ADHD medication initiation predict long-term risk of anxiety? A scoping review.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- Driving impairment due to psychoactive substances and attention deficit disorder: A pilot study.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Translating the nuanced risk for substance use among adolescents treated for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) into clinical practice: a commentary on McCabe et al. (2023).Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2024Article
- Clinical subtyping using community detection: Limited utility?International journal of methods in psychiatric research · 2023Article
- Identification and treatment of individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorder: An expert consensus statement.World journal of psychiatry · 2023Review
- Triple Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder with Coexisting Bipolar and Alcohol Use Disorders: Clinical Aspects and Pharmacological Treatments.Current neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- ADHD stimulant medication misuse and considerations for current prescribing practice: a literature review.Irish journal of medical science · 2022Review
- Co-occurring Mental Disorders in Transitional Aged Youth With Substance Use Disorders - A Narrative Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- Differences in alcohol and cannabis use amongst substance use disorder patients with and without comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2022Article
- Treatment of Adolescents with Concurrent Substance Use Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Stop What You're Doing!-An fMRI Study on Comparisons of Neural Subprocesses of Response Inhibition in ADHD and Alcohol Use Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Often Overlooked and Ignored, but Do Not Underestimate Its Relevance: ADHD in Addiction - Addiction in ADHD.European addiction researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk of developing substance use disorders (SUDs) and nicotine dependence (ND). It remains unclear whether and how stimulant treatment may affect this risk. We aimed to investigate how stimulant use profiles influence the risk of SUDs and ND, using a novel data-driven community detection analysis to construct different stimulant use profiles. Comprehensive lifetime stimulant prescription data and data on SUDs and ND were available for 303 subjects with ADHD and 219 controls, with a mean age 16.3 years. Community detection was used to define subgroups based on multiple indicators of treatment history, start age, treatment duration, total dose, maximum dose, variability, stop age. In stimulant-treated participants, three subgroups with distinct medication trajectories were distinguished (late-and-moderately dosed, n = 91; early-and-moderately dosed, n = 51; early-and-intensely dosed, n = 103). Compared to stimulant-naïve participants (n = 58), the early-and-intense treatment group had a significantly lower risk of SUDs and ND (HR = 0.28, and HR = 0.29, respectively), while the early-and-moderate group had a significantly lower risk of ND only (HR = 0.30). The late-and-moderate group was at a significantly higher risk of ND compared to the other two treatment groups (HR = 2.66 for early-and-moderate, HR = 2.78 for early-and-intense). Our findings show that in stimulant-treated adolescents with ADHD, long-term outcomes are associated with treatment characteristics, something that is often ignored when treated individuals are compared to untreated individuals.
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