Trial reportPloS one2019
HIV prevalence and determinants of loss-to-follow-up in adolescents and young adults with tuberculosis in Cape Town.
Trial report in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- The transient effect of a peer support intervention to improve adherence among adolescents and young adults failing antiretroviral therapy in Harare, Zimbabwe: a randomized control trial.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Trial
- Confronting the TB-HIV Syndemic in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Call to Action in a Time of Crisis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- The Role of Youths in Within-Household Tuberculosis Transmission: A Household Contact Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- A mixed methods evaluation of 99DOTS digital adherence technology uptake among adolescents treated for pulmonary tuberculosis in Uganda.SSM - health systems · 2025Article
- Understanding the relationship between adolescents with tuberculosis and health services: an indepth qualitative study from Cape Town.BMJ open · 2025Observational
- A mixed methods evaluation of 99DOTS digital adherence technology uptake among adolescents treated for pulmonary tuberculosis in Uganda.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Social and health factors associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes in children and adolescents with drug-sensitive tuberculosis in Brazil: a national retrospective cohort study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Identifying adolescents at risk for suboptimal adherence to tuberculosis treatment: A prospective cohort study.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- "It was unusual but amazing": demand creation for PrEP among adolescents' men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) in Brazil.Cadernos de saude publica · 2024Article
- [Tuberculosis in childhood and adolescence: prevalence and factors associated with treatment abandonment].Cadernos de saude publica · 2024Article
- Adolescent, caregiver and provider perspectives on tuberculosis treatment adherence: a qualitative study from Lima, Peru.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Determinants and rates of retention in HIV care among adolescents receiving antiretroviral therapy in Windhoek, Namibia: a baseline cohort analysis.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Caring for Adolescents and Young Adults With Tuberculosis or at Risk of Tuberculosis: Consensus Statement From an International Expert Panel.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2023Article
- FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO PULMONARY TB TREATMENT LOST TO FOLLOW-UP IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: AN OVERVIEW.African journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Social Determinants of Adherence to Treatment for Tuberculosis Infection and Disease Among Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: A Narrative Review.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2022Review
- Tuberculosis in Adolescents in Bulgaria for a Three-Year Period: 2018-2020.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The Impact of Tuberculosis on the Well-Being of Adolescents and Young Adults.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Automatic cough classification for tuberculosis screening in a real-world environment.Physiological measurement · 2021Article
- Tuberculosis in Adolescents and Young Adults: Emerging Data on TB Transmission and Prevention among Vulnerable Young People.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2021Review
- Caregivers' knowledge and perceptions are associated with children's TB preventive treatment completion.Public health action · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
TB remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa, due to the HIV epidemic. As TB treatment is lengthy, the completion of the full course of treatment may be especially challenging for young people. We therefore aimed to identify the extent of and reasons underlying loss to follow-up from TB treatment among young people in Cape Town. Accordingly, we reviewed the outcomes of young people treated for TB in Cape Town during 2009-2013, across three age groups: younger adolescents (10-14 years); older adolescents; (15-19 years) and young adults (20-24 years). We employed logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors for loss from TB care. 23,737 patients aged 10-24 were treated for drug sensitive TB over the study period. Of these, the HIV co-infection prevalence was 18.5% for younger adolescents, 12.9% for older adolescents and 33.1% for young adults. From age 16, HIV prevalence increased disproportionately among young women: by age 22, over 50% of women were TB/HIV co-infected compared to 14% of men. TB treatment success (cure plus completion) was 84.4%, while 1.7% of patients died, 9.5% were lost-to follow-up and 0.4% failed treatment. Being an older adolescent (aOR 1.75 [95% CI: 1.38-2.21]) or young adult (aOR: 1.96 [95% CI: 1.57-2.45]) increased the risk of loss-to-follow up, relative to being a younger adolescent. Further risk factors for loss from TB care were male gender (aOR: 1.33 [95% CI:1.20-1.46]), being a TB/HIV co-infected young person (aOR 1.74 [95% CI: 1.57-1.93]) and having had prior treatment for TB (aOR 3.17 [95% CI 2.87-3.51]). We identified risk factors for loss to follow-up and highlighted the need to focus on HIV prevention and retention in TB care among young people. TB care tailored to the needs of young people could improve patient retention, similar to improved outcomes reported by youth friendly HIV clinics.
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