ArticleJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)2019
Race and sex differences in asleep blood pressure: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.
Article in Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronotherapy for morning blood pressure surge in hypertensive patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of Experimental Sleep Restriction on Ambulatory and Sleep Blood Pressure in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2021Trial
- Disparities in Blood Pressure Measurement.Current hypertension reports · 2026Review
- Social Vulnerability and Subclinical Cardiovascular Risk in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Research square · 2026Article
- Association Between ABPM Phenotypes and Cognitive Impairment in a Community-Dwelling, Older Adult Population Taking Antihypertensive Medication: A Pilot Study.American journal of hypertension · 2026Article
- Correlates of Nocturnal Hypertension in a Real-World Cohort.American journal of hypertension · 2026Article
- Endothelin Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Hypertension: Recent Data from Clinical Trials and Implementation Approach.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- Device-estimated sleep metrics do not mediate the relation between race and blood pressure dipping in young black and white women.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2024Article
- While You Are Sleeping: Marital Ambivalence and Blunted Nocturnal Blood Pressure.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Co-Occurrence of Nocturnal Hypertension and Nocturnal Blood Pressure Decreases.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Non-Dipping Blood Pressure or Nocturnal Hypertension: Does One Matter More?Current hypertension reports · 2024Review
- Reproducibility and diurnal variation in middle cerebral artery blood velocity in healthy humans.Experimental physiology · 2023Article
- Toward Precision Medicine: Circadian Rhythm of Blood Pressure and Chronotherapy for Hypertension - 2021 NHLBI Workshop Report.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2023Review
- Diagnosing hypertension in primary care: a retrospective cohort study to investigate the importance of night-time blood pressure assessment.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2023Article
- Impact of Asleep and 24-Hour Blood Pressure Data on the Prevalence of Masked Hypertension by Race/Ethnicity.American journal of hypertension · 2022Article
- Predicting Out-of-Office Blood Pressure in a Diverse US Population.American journal of hypertension · 2022Article
- Article
- Prognostic value of nondipping: Are there ethnic differences?Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2021Article
- Association Between Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Coronary Artery Calcification: The JHS.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2021Article
- Twenty-Five-Year Changes in Office and Ambulatory Blood Pressure: Results From the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study.American journal of hypertension · 2021Article
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13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Nocturnal hypertension and non-dipping blood pressure are each associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We determined differences in nocturnal hypertension and non-dipping systolic/diastolic blood pressure among black and white men and women who underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring at the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study Year 30 Exam in 2015-2016. Asleep and awake periods were determined from actigraphy complemented by sleep diaries. Nocturnal hypertension was defined as mean asleep systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥ 120/70 mm Hg. Non-dipping systolic and diastolic blood pressure, separately, were defined as a decline in awake-to-asleep blood pressure < 10%. Among 767 participants, the prevalence of nocturnal hypertension was 18.4% and 44.4% in white and black women, respectively, and 36.4% and 59.9% in white and black men, respectively. After multivariable adjustment and compared with white women, the prevalence ratio (95% confidence interval) for nocturnal hypertension was 1.65 (1.18-2.32) for black women, 1.63 (1.14-2.33) for white men, and 2.01 (1.43-2.82) for black men. The prevalence of non-dipping systolic blood pressure was 21.5% and 41.0% in white and black women, respectively, and 20.2% and 37.9% in white and black men, respectively. Compared with white women, the multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratio (95% confidence interval) for non-dipping systolic blood pressure was 1.66 (1.18-2.32), 0.91 (0.58-1.42) and 1.66 (1.15-2.39) among black women, white men, and black men, respectively. Non-dipping diastolic blood pressure did not differ by race-sex groups following multivariable adjustment. In conclusion, black women and men have a high prevalence of nocturnal hypertension and non-dipping systolic blood pressure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.