Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30718490›Full record

ArticleNature communications2019

Non-equilibrium crystallization pathways of manganese oxides in aqueous solution.

Wenhao Sun, Daniil A Kitchaev, Denis Kramer, Gerbrand Ceder

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Predicting rates of manganese oxide reduction from thermodynamic driving forces and structural properties.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. LiACS energy letters · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Control of Crystallization Pathways in the BiFeOChemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Comparative Study of α- and β-MnONanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Wenhao SunMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. wenhaosun@lbl.gov.
Daniil A KitchaevDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2309-3644
Denis KramerEngineering Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0605-1047
Gerbrand CederMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. gceder@berkeley.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aqueous precipitation of transition metal oxides often proceeds through non-equilibrium phases, whose appearance cannot be anticipated from traditional phase diagrams. Without a precise understanding of which metastable phases form, or their lifetimes, targeted synthesis of specific metal oxides can become a trial-and-error process. Here, we construct a theoretical framework to reveal the nanoscale and metastable energy landscapes of Pourbaix (E-pH) diagrams, providing quantitative insights into the size-dependent thermodynamics of metastable oxide nucleation and growth in water. By combining this framework with classical nucleation theory, we interrogate how solution conditions influence the multistage oxidation pathways of manganese oxides. We calculate that even within the same stability region of a Pourbaix diagram, subtle variations in pH and redox potential can redirect a non-equilibrium crystallization pathway through different metastable intermediates. Our theoretical framework offers a predictive platform to navigate through the thermodynamic and kinetic energy landscape towards the rational synthesis of target materials.

Identifiers

PMID30718490
PMCPMC6362205

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.