Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30717759›Full record

ArticleVirology journal2019

Acute sporadic hepatitis E in the Zhejiang coastal area of China: a 14-year hospital-based surveillance study.

Jun Tan, Yijuan Chen, Lin Wang, Ta-Chien Chan, Said Amer, Xiaobin Xu, Jian Cai, Wei Li, Xiaoqing Zheng, Mi Zhou and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Virology journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.

Jun TanDepartment of Hepatology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China.
Yijuan ChenDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, (310051), Zhejiang Province, China.
Lin WangDepartment of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Ta-Chien ChanResearch Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
Said AmerDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kafr El Sheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt.
Xiaobin XuSchool of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China.
Jian CaiDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, (310051), Zhejiang Province, China.
Wei LiDepartment of Hepatology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China.
Xiaoqing ZhengDepartment of Hepatology, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China.
Mi ZhouThe Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China.
Shuwen QinDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, (310051), Zhejiang Province, China.
Na ZhaoCAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Ziping MiaoDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, (310051), Zhejiang Province, China. zpmiao@cdc.zj.cn.
Shelan LiuDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, (310051), Zhejiang Province, China. liushelan20070429@126.com.
Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention · CNNingbo No. 2 Hospital · CNHangzhou Dianzi University · CNInstitute of Microbiology · CNKafrelsheikh University · EGNingbo University · CNPeking University · CNResearch Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo examine the epidemiological trends and changes of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection and the potential risk factors for severe infection in the Zhejiang eastern coastal area of China.

methodsWe analyzed statutory hepatitis E cases notifications and inpatient data held by the national surveillance and hospital information systems in Wenzhou, Taizhou, Ningbo, and Zhoushan cities of the Zhejiang eastern coastal area of China.

resultsNine thousand four hundred sixteen hepatitis E cases were reported from 2004 to 2017, with an average incidence of 2.94 per 100,000. The overall death rate was 0.06% (6/9416). A gradual decline of hepatitis E cases was found in the coastal areas since 2007, while a rise was identified in the non-coastal areas. Annual incidence in non-coastal cities was much higher than that in coastal cities (4.345 vs. 2.945 per 100,000, relative risk = 1.5, P value < 0.001). The mean age was 52 years old and 50.55 years with a male-to-female ratio of 2.32:1 and 2.21:1 in coastal and noncoastal areas respectively (all P > 0.05). Hepatitis E cases prevalence increased with age, highest among men in their 70s (9.02 vs. 11.33 per 100,000) and women in their 60s (3.94 vs. 4.66 per 100,000) groups for both coastal and noncoastal areas respectively. A clear seasonal pattern was observed, with a peak in March (0.4429 per 100,000) in coastal areas. 202 inpatients were documented, of which 50.50% (102/202) were severe cases. Male individuals with alcohol consumption, alcohol hepatic diseases, and superinfection were the three independent highest risks for severe infections (all with P value < 0.05).

conclusionsThis is to our knowledge the largest epidemiological study of hepatitis E cases in the eastern coastal area of Zhejiang province of China. The patterns of infection across the coastal areas were similar to those of the non-coastal areas, but the incidence was substantially lower and decreased gradually since 2007.

Indexed as

Epidemiological MonitoringAcute DiseaseAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChildChild, PreschoolChinaFemaleHepatitis EHepatitis E virusHospitalsHumansIncidenceInfantCoastal areasEpidemiologyHepatitis EHigh risksTrends

Identifiers

PMID30717759
PMCPMC6360671
OpenAlexW2972501505

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.