Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30717345›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Mortality: Contributions and Variations by Rurality in the United States, 2012⁻2015.

Jeffrey E Hall, Ramal Moonesinghe, Karen Bouye, Ana Penman-Aguilar

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Review
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  11. Can Age-Friendly Planning Promote Equity in Community Health Across the Rural-Urban Divide in the US?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jeffrey E HallCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Minority Health and Health Equity, 4770 Buford Highway, TW-3, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. dzu4@cdc.gov.
Ramal MoonesingheCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Minority Health and Health Equity, 4770 Buford Highway, TW-3, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. zor7@cdc.gov.ORCID 0000-0001-5327-533X
Karen BouyeCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Minority Health and Health Equity, 4770 Buford Highway, TW-3, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. keh2@cdc.gov.
Ana Penman-AguilarCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Minority Health and Health Equity, 4770 Buford Highway, TW-3, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. bpv4@cdc.gov.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The value of disaggregating non-metropolitan and metropolitan area deaths in illustrating place-based health effects is evident. However, how place interacts with characteristics such as race/ethnicity has been less firmly established. This study compared socioeconomic characteristics and age-adjusted mortality rates by race/ethnicity in six rurality designations and assessed the contributions of mortality rate disparities between non-Hispanic blacks (NHBs) and non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) in each designation to national disparities. Compared to NHWs, age-adjusted mortality rates for: (1) NHBs were higher for all causes (combined), heart disease, malignant neoplasms, and cerebrovascular disease; (2) American Indian and Alaska Natives were significantly higher for all causes in rural areas; (3) Asian Pacific islanders and Hispanics were either lower or not significantly different in all areas for all causes combined and all leading causes of death examined. The largest contribution to the U.S. disparity in mortality rates between NHBs and NHWs originated from large central metropolitan areas. Place-based variations in mortality rates and disparities may reflect resource, and access inequities that are often greater and have greater health consequences for some racial/ethnic populations than others. Tailored, systems level actions may help eliminate mortality disparities existing at intersections between race/ethnicity and place.

Indexed as

Health Status DisparitiesAge DistributionCause of DeathEthnicityFemaleHumansMaleMinority HealthMortalityPopulation HealthUnited Stateshealth disparitiesplacerace/ethnicityrurality

Identifiers

PMID30717345
PMCPMC6388242

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.