ReviewToxins2019
Mandibular Bone Loss after Masticatory Muscles Intervention with Botulinum Toxin: An Approach from Basic Research to Clinical Findings.
Review in Toxins, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Is There Association Between Stress and Bruxism? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Longitudinal Computed Tomography Indicates No Negative Impact of OnabotulinumtoxinA on Mandibular Bone Density in a 12-Month, Double-Blind, Randomized, Repeat Treatment, Placebo-Controlled Study in Healthy Adults With Masseter Muscle Prominence.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of botulinum toxin type A in myogenic temporomandibulardisorders: a single arm, prospective, pilot study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Botulinum toxin type A and acupuncture for masticatory myofascial pain: a randomized clinical trial.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2021Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A on Persistent Myofascial Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Toxins · 2020Trial
- Effects of Botulinum Toxin Injection on Masticatory Muscle Activity in Sleep Bruxism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- One Molecule, Different Circuits? What Botulinum Toxin Can and Cannot Reveal About Craniocervical Comorbidity.Toxins · 2026Review
- Review
- Central and Peripheral Sensitization in Temporomandibular Disorders: Proposed Mechanisms of Botulinum Toxin Therapy.Toxins · 2026Review
- Is Mandibular Cortical Bone and Trabecular Microarchitecture Altered by Masseter Botox Treatment? A Quantitative Perspective.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effect of botulinum toxin type A on masticatory function and musculoskeletal structure in rabbits.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pioneering pain management with botulinum toxin type A: From anti-inflammation to regenerative therapies.Heliyon · 2025Review
- Orthodontic considerations for managing patients with functional movement disorders: a narrative review and clinical guide.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2025Review
- Development and in-vitro validation of an intraoral wearable biofeedback system for bruxism management.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Ultrasound-Guided Botulinum Toxin-A Injections into the Masseter Muscle for Both Medical and Aesthetic Purposes.Toxins · 2024Review
- Unilateral Hypofunction of the Masseter Leads to Molecular and 3D Morphometric Signs of Atrophy in Ipsilateral Agonist Masticatory Muscles in Adult Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Clinical aspects of mastication myalgia-an overview.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The injection of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) in the masticatory muscles, to cause its temporary paralysis, is a widely used intervention for clinical disorders such as oromandibular dystonia, sleep bruxism, and aesthetics (i.e., masseteric hypertrophy). Considering that muscle contraction is required for mechano-transduction to maintain bone homeostasis, it is relevant to address the bone adverse effects associated with muscle condition after this intervention. Our aim is to condense the current and relevant literature about mandibular bone loss in fully mature mammals after BoNT/A intervention in the masticatory muscles. Here, we compile evidence from animal models (mice, rats, and rabbits) to clinical studies, demonstrating that BoNT/A-induced masticatory muscle atrophy promotes mandibular bone loss. Mandibular bone-related adverse effects involve cellular and metabolic changes, microstructure degradation, and morphological alterations. While bone loss has been detected at the mandibular condyle or alveolar bone, cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in this process must still be elucidated. Further basic research could provide evidence for designing strategies to control the undesired effects on bone during the therapeutic use of BoNT/A. However, in the meantime, we consider it essential that patients treated with BoNT/A in the masticatory muscles be warned about a putative collateral mandibular bone damage.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.