Trial reportEthnicity & disease2019
Reasons for Exclusion from a Smoking Cessation Trial: An Analysis by Race/Ethnicity.
Trial report in Ethnicity & disease, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Recruiting racially and ethnically diverse smokers seeking treatment: Lessons learned from a smoking cessation randomized clinical trial.Addictive behaviors · 2022Trial
- Comparison of Black and/or Hispanic Cancer Patients' Experiences in Virtual Tobacco Treatment.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Article
- Exploring relationships among smoking cessation app use, smoking behavioral outcomes, and pharmacotherapy utilization among individuals who smoke cigarettes.Addictive behaviors · 2025Article
- A proof-of-concept trial of a smoking cessation and anxiety sensitivity reduction smartphone application for Black adults.Cognitive behaviour therapy · 2025Article
- Smoking, Sociodemographic Characteristics, and Health History among Adults with Mental Illness in Puerto Rico.Puerto Rico health sciences journal · 2025Article
- Leveraging Social Determinants of Health to Enhance Recruitment of Underrepresented Populations in Clinical Trials.Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal · 2024Review
- Feasibility of recruiting young adults with low socioeconomic status for formative evaluation of a smoking cessation mobile intervention.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2024Article
- Socio-demographic Correlates of Electronic Cigarette and Cannabis Co-use Among Naïve and Tobacco Adolescent Users.Journal of prevention (2022) · 2023Article
- Inequity in smoking cessation clinical trials testing pharmacotherapies: exclusion of smokers with mental health disorders.Tobacco control · 2023Review
- Attitudes about Cigarette Smoking, Perceived Consequences of Smoking, and Seeking Assistance with Cessation among Black and White Cigarette Smokers: A Qualitative Study.Journal of smoking cessation · 2023Article
- Can a smartphone application help Hispanic/Latinx adults quit smoking? A randomized trial secondary analysis.Journal of contextual behavioral science · 2022Article
- Promoting inclusion in clinical trials-a rapid review of the literature and recommendations for action.Trials · 2021Review
- Disparities in Surgical Oncology: Management of Advanced Cancer.Annals of surgical oncology · 2021Review
- Improving the enrollment of women and racially/ethnically diverse populations in cardiovascular clinical trials: An ASPC practice statement.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2021Article
- Achieving Equity in the Reach of Smoking Cessation Services Within the NCI Cancer Moonshot-Funded Cancer Center Cessation Initiative.Health equity · 2021Article
- Lack of utility of cigarettes per day cutoffs for clinical and laboratory smoking research.Addictive behaviors · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Objective: The exclusion criteria of tobacco cessation randomized clinical trials (RCTs) may have unintended consequences on inclusion and cessation disparities. We examined racial/ethnic differences in: a) exclusion from a group-based cessation RCT; and b) reasons for exclusion. Design: Quasi-experimental. Inclusion criteria were self-identification as African American/Black, non-Hispanic White, or Hispanic (any race), adults, minimum five cigarettes/day or carbon monoxide reading of ≥ 8 parts per million (ppm), interest in quitting, and spoke/read English. Data were obtained from a parent trial, which is ongoing and will be completed in 2019. Analyses for our present study on participant screening and enrollment were conducted in 2018. Main Outcome Measures: Study ineligibility, and reasons for exclusion (contraindications for nicotine patch use, serious mental illness [SMI, eg, bipolar disorder or schizophrenia], alcohol dependence or illicit drug use, current tobacco treatment, attendance barriers [eg, transportation], and other concerns [eg, aggressive, intoxicated, disruptive, visibly ill]). Results: Of 1,206 individuals screened, 36% were ineligible. The most frequent reasons were SMI (28%), alcohol dependence or drug use (10%), and attendance barriers (7%). Ineligibility was greater among African Americans (42%) and Hispanics (37%), compared with Whites (24%; P<.001). Compared with African Americans and Hispanics, Whites were more likely to be excluded for single reasons, including attendance barriers, and medical conditions (P<.05). African Americans were more than twice as likely as Whites to be excluded for 3 or more reasons (12% vs 5% respectively, P<.05). Conclusions: A notable proportion of smokers were ineligible for this RCT, with SMI as the greatest single cause. Racial/ethnic minorities were more likely to be excluded, with African Americans deemed ineligible for multiple reasons. Findings have implications for RCT generalizability, addressing tobacco disparities and health equity.
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