Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30713095›Full record

ArticleDisability and health journal2019

Prevalence of cerebral palsy, intellectual disability, hearing loss, and blindness, National Health Interview Survey, 2009-2016.

Dana Olzenak McGuire, Lin H Tian, Marshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp, Nicole F Dowling, Deborah L Christensen

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Disability and health journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  20. Synergies, Discrepancies, and Action Priorities: A Statewide Engagement Study to Strengthen Clinical Research in Cerebral Palsy.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Dana Olzenak McGuireDevelopmental Disabilities Branch, Division of Congenital and Developmental Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, MS E-86, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA. Electronic address: domcguire@stlawco.org.
Lin H TianDevelopmental Disabilities Branch, Division of Congenital and Developmental Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, MS E-86, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA. Electronic address: bsr4@cdc.gov.
Marshalyn Yeargin-AllsoppDivision of Congenital and Developmental Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, MS E-86, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA. Electronic address: mxy1@cdc.gov.
Nicole F DowlingDevelopmental Disabilities Branch, Division of Congenital and Developmental Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, MS E-86, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA. Electronic address: ndowling@cdc.gov.
Deborah L ChristensenDevelopmental Disabilities Branch, Division of Congenital and Developmental Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, MS E-86, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA. Electronic address: dqc3@cdc.gov.

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDevelopmental disabilities are present in a significant proportion of US children. Surveillance of developmental disabilities is crucial for monitoring population trends, guiding research into risk factors, and informing resource allocation. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: We examined overall prevalence, prevalence by demographic characteristics, and trends over time for cerebral palsy (CP), intellectual disability (ID), moderate to severe hearing loss (MSHL), and blindness.

methodsData from the 2009-2016 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were analyzed for children 3-17 years of age. Question wording was consistent over time except for ID, which changed in 2011 to replace the term "mental retardation." Demographic differences and linear trends (over three time periods) were assessed by Chi-square tests and Wald-F tests.

resultsPrevalence estimates per 1000 children ages 3-17 years for CP, ID, MSHL, and blindness were 3.2 (95% CI: 2.7, 3.7), 11.1 (95% CI: 10.2, 12.1), 6.4 (95% CI: 5.6, 7.2), and 1.6 (95% CI: 1.3, 2.0), respectively. Disability prevalence was higher for children with low birthweight and from families of lower parental education, income ≤200% of federal poverty level, and public insurance. Older children had higher ID prevalence; boys had significantly higher CP and ID prevalences. Only ID demonstrated a significantly increased trend over time (p = 0.0002).

conclusionsWe provide nationally representative prevalence estimates for four developmental disabilities; recent estimates are comparable to those from records-based studies. Prevalences were stable except for ID, which increased after 2010, coincident with the questionnaire change. A substantial number of US children continue to have these disabilities and service needs.

Indexed as

BlindnessCerebral PalsyChildChild, PreschoolDevelopmental DisabilitiesFemaleHearing LossHumansIntellectual DisabilityMalePersons with DisabilitiesPrevalenceSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited StatesBlindnessCerebral palsyChildrenHearing lossIntellectual disabilityPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID30713095
PMCPMC7605150

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.