ArticleReproductive health2019
Designing an educational intervention on second-hand smoke in smoker men on the exposure of pregnant wives: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Article in Reproductive health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effectiveness of a Structured Educational Intervention on Knowledge, Beliefs, and Self-Reported Practices of Pregnant Women Exposed to Thirdhand Smoke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Brain and behavior · 2026Trial
- Designing, implementing and evaluating an educational program regarding the effects of second-hand smoke in pregnancy on the knowledge, attitude and performance of male smokers.Reproductive health · 2023Trial
- Invisible smoke, real threat: can education protect pregnant women from thirdhand smoke exposure? (a protocol study).BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- The Effect of Training Male Smokers About the Effects of Secondhand Smoke in Pregnant Wives on Their Self-Efficacy.Journal of family & reproductive health · 2023Article
- Social Presence, Negative Emotions, and Self-Protective Behavioral Intentions of Nonsmokers in Response to Secondhand Smoking in Virtual Reality: Quasi-Experimental Design.JMIR serious games · 2023Article
- Maternal nicotine intoxication before pregnancy induces depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors as well as cognitive deficits in male offspring and correlates with neurobiological changes.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
- The effect of educational support intervention including peer groups for infant care on the growth rates of infants, breastfeeding self-efficacy and quality of life of their mothers in Iran: study protocol.Reproductive health · 2022Article
- Maternal Nicotine Exposure Alters Hippocampal Microglia Polarization and Promotes Anti-inflammatory Signaling in Juvenile Offspring in Mice.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Effects of an educational intervention based on the multi-theory model on promoting the quality of life in postmenopausal women: a protocol.Przeglad menopauzalny = Menopause review · 2019Article
- The effectiveness of family counselling on reducing exposure to secondhand smoke at home among pregnant women in Iran.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2019Article
- Maternal Nicotine Exposure During Gestation and Lactation Period Affects Behavior and Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Mouse Offspring.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundComplications of exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) are known to affect the health of pregnant women; it requires designing an educational program to reduce the exposure of pregnant women to smoke. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design an educational program to reduce the exposure of pregnant women with the second-hand smoke of their husband.
methodsThis research-based program is designed in three phases, in the first phase of the study, the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of men regarding SHS will be measured using a questionnaire. The questionnaire will be based on a literature review and experts opinions. In the next phase the educational program will be designed based on the results of the first phase of the study on the level of knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and practice of men, as well as a literature review and experts opinions, and the research team will finalize it according to priorities. To follow up the training will be sent reminders messages. Pregnant women will also be trained to protect themselves and support their husbands to quit smoking. The third phase includes the implementation of educational intervention with pretest-posttest with two intervention and control groups. DISCUSSION: The present study provides strong information and data regarding the needs and strategies for reducing the exposure to second-hand smoke in pregnant women. Therefore, designing a program, and a review article and updated evidences can lead to avoid pregnant women the exposure to second hand smoke and reducing smoking in smoker husbands. It can also reduce their medical and treatment costs.
trial registrationRegistration of this randomized control trial has been completed with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20180722040555N1 .
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.