ArticleClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association2019
Transnasal Endoscopy in Unsedated Children With Eosinophilic Esophagitis Using Virtual Reality Video Goggles.
Article in Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Response in Eosinophilic Esophagitis Assessed by Transnasal Endoscopy (TNE)
Use of Sedation-Free Transnasal Endoscopy to Improve Access and Lower Costs of Endoscopic Evaluations in a Bariatric Medical and Surgical Program
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Eosinophilic esophagitis in children and adolescents: a clinical practice guideline.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Guideline
- A comparison of the upright seated versus left lateral decubitus position during pediatric sedation-free transnasal endoscopy.JPGN reports · 2026Article
- Eosinophilic esophagitis: An aerodigestive perspective.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2026Review
- Transnasal endoscopy for eosinophilic esophagitis surveillance in adolescents with mild autism spectrum disorder: A single-center case series.JPGN reports · 2026Article
- The Food Allergy-Eosinophilic Esophagitis Continuum: Implications for Food Allergy Immunotherapy.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Review
- Shifting the scope: Moving toward less invasive diagnosis and monitoring of eosinophilic esophagitis.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Transnasal endoscopy and the use of virtual reality: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Use of single-use ultra-slim endoscopes for evaluation of pediatric esophageal varices: A pilot feasibility study.JPGN reports · 2026Article
- Emerging Tissue and Blood Biomarkers for Eosinophilic Esophagitis.Gastroenterology clinics of North America · 2026Review
- Dietary Therapy in Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE): A Practical Approach to Elimination.Current gastroenterology reports · 2026Review
- Eosinophilic esophagitis in children: Clinical perspectives and evolving therapeutic strategies.World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2026Review
- Effect of virtual reality distraction on anxiety, pain and discomfort during unsedated gastroscopy: Randomized controlled trial.Endoscopy international open · 2026Article
- Eosinophilic esophagitis: Examining the impact of disease.Journal of food allergy · 2025Review
- Eosinophilic esophagitis: An allergy and immunology perspective on the updated guidelines.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Economic Benefit of Implementation of Pediatric Transnasal Endoscopy in Eosinophilic Esophagitis.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2025Article
- Left lateral decubitus position during sedation-free transnasal endoscopy: A pilot study.JPGN reports · 2025Article
- Endoscopic Management of Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Narrative Review on Diagnosis and Treatment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Use Cases in Gastroenterology.Current gastroenterology reports · 2025Review
- Pediatric unsedated transnasal endoscopy: applications, equipment, and future directions.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsEvaluation and treatment of children with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) requires serial endoscopic, visual, and histologic assessment by sedated esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Unsedated transnasal endoscopy (TNE) was reported to be successful in a pilot study of children. We evaluated video goggle and virtual reality-based unsedated TNE in children with EoE, collecting data on rates of completion, adverse events, and adequacy of visual and histologic findings.
methodsWe performed a retrospective study of 190 children and young adults (age, 3-22 y) who underwent video goggle or virtual reality-based unsedated TNE from January 2015 through February 2018. We analyzed data on patient demographics, procedure completion, endoscope type, adverse events, visual and histologic findings, estimated costs, and duration in the facility. Esophageal biopsies from the first 173 subjects who underwent TNE were compared with those from previous EGD evaluations.
resultsDuring 300 attempts, 294 TNEs were performed (98% rate of success). Fifty-four patients (age, 6-18 y) underwent multiple TNEs for dietary or medical management of EoE. There were no significant adverse events. Visual and histologic findings were adequate for assessment of EoE. TNE reduced costs by 53.4% compared with EGD (TNE $4393.00 vs EGD $9444.33). TNE was used increasingly from 2015 through 2017, comprising 31.8% of endoscopies performed for EoE. The total time spent in the clinic (front desk check-in to check-out) in 2018 was 71 minutes.
conclusionsIn a retrospective study of 190 children and young adults (age, 3-22 y) who underwent video goggle or virtual reality-based unsedated TNE, TNE was safe and effective and reduced costs of EoE monitoring. Advantages of TNE include reduced risk and cost associated with anesthesia as well as decreased in-office time, which is of particular relevance for patients with EoE, who require serial EGDs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.