Observational studyIntensive care medicine2019
The diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination for estimating cardiac index in critically ill patients: the Simple Intensive Care Studies-I.
Observational study in Intensive care medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03577405 (Simple Intensive Care Studies II), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Simple Intensive Care Studies II
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- ESICM guidelines on circulatory shock and hemodynamic monitoring 2025.Intensive care medicine · 2025Guideline
- Development and internal validation of the Low Cardiac Index Score: a simplified bedside tool for continuous intraoperative screening.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2026Article
- Expert consensus statement on the evaluation, treatment, and transfer of cardiogenic shock using a Delphi method approach: a report of the Japan Critical Care Cardiology Committee (J4 CS).Journal of intensive care · 2025Article
- The intricate relationship between capillary refill time and systemic hemodynamics in septic shock.Annals of intensive care · 2025Review
- The Prevalence of Systemic Venous Congestion Post Kidney Transplant Detected by Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS).POCUS journal · 2025Article
- Peripheral and Organ Perfusion's Role in Prognosis of Disease Severity and Mortality in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Serial lactate measurements to guide resuscitation: more evidence not to?Intensive care medicine · 2024Article
- Deep embedded clustering generalisability and adaptation for integrating mixed datatypes: two critical care cohorts.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Hemodynamic monitoring in cardiogenic shock.Journal of intensive medicine · 2023Review
- How I personalize fluid therapy in septic shock?Critical care (London, England) · 2023Review
- Right ventricular strain measurements in critically ill patients: an observational SICS sub-study.Annals of intensive care · 2022Article
- Capillary refill time for the management of acute circulatory failure: a survey among pediatric and adult intensivists.BMC emergency medicine · 2022Article
- Calculated left ventricular outflow tract diameter for critically ill patients.Journal of intensive care · 2022Article
- Article
- Diamond-Forrester classification using echocardiography haemodynamic assessment in cardiac intensive care unit patients.ESC heart failure · 2021Article
- Identifying and characterizing high-risk clusters in a heterogeneous ICU population with deep embedded clustering.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Article
- Focus on cardiovascular management in critically ill patients.Intensive care medicine · 2020Article
- Feasibility of cardiac output measurements in critically ill patients by medical students.The ultrasound journal · 2020Article
- Clinical examination findings as predictors of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients.Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · 2020Observational
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeClinical examination is often the first step to diagnose shock and estimate cardiac index. In the Simple Intensive Care Studies-I, we assessed the association and diagnostic performance of clinical signs for estimation of cardiac index in critically ill patients.
methodsIn this prospective, single-centre cohort study, we included all acutely ill patients admitted to the ICU and expected to stay > 24 h. We conducted a protocolised clinical examination of 19 clinical signs followed by critical care ultrasonography for cardiac index measurement. Clinical signs were associated with cardiac index and a low cardiac index (< 2.2 L min
resultsWe included 1075 patients, of whom 783 (73%) had a validated cardiac index measurement. In multivariable regression, respiratory rate, heart rate and rhythm, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, central-to-peripheral temperature difference, and capillary refill time were statistically independently associated with cardiac index, with an overall R
conclusionsSeven out of 19 clinical examination findings were independently associated with cardiac index. For estimation of cardiac index, clinical examination was found to be insufficient in multivariable analyses and in diagnostic accuracy tests. Additional measurements such as critical care ultrasonography remain necessary.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.