ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2019
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids: Biosynthesis, Biological Activities and Occurrence in Crop Plants.
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complex multitrophic species interactions and fitness costs: Intricate consequences of jasmonate and salicylate induced plant defences.The Journal of animal ecology · 2026Article
- Determination of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids and Their N‑Oxides in Bee Pollen by Accelerated Solvent Extraction Followed by Magnetic Covalent Organic Framework-Based Offline Purification and Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.Journal of separation science · 2026Article
- Asymmetric Mannich reaction enabled synthesis of alkaloids.Molecular diversity · 2026Review
- Chemotaxonomy and Ecological Role of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids: A Comprehensive Review of the Case Study of Africa.Journal of chemical ecology · 2026Review
- Metabolomic insights into residual Carrot biomass from a bioprospecting approach across Colombian microclimates.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome Induced by Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- DESI-MSI applications for direct (spatial) biomolecular analysis of South African natural medicinal products.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- "Spiro-pyrrolizidine-benzyloxy hybrid as synergistic partner to doxorubicin cardio-safe breast cancer chemotherapy".Future medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- A Review of the Main Biologically Active Compounds of the GenusPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Holistic Approach to Investigate Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Honeys from Diverse Botanical Origin: From Target to Suspect and Nontarget Screening Analysis.Journal of agricultural and food chemistry · 2025Article
- The influence of aridity on plant intraspecific chemical diversity supports adaptive differentiation and convergent evolution.Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany) · 2025Article
- Article
- Effectiveness of Sunn Hemp (Insects · 2025Article
- Enzymatic twists evolved stereo-divergent alkaloids in the Solanaceae family.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Decarboxylation-Driven Double Annulations: Innovative Multi-Component Reaction Pathways.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Unveiling the neuroprotective potential of Ipomoea carnea ethanol extract via the modulation of tau and β-secretase pathways in AlClInflammopharmacology · 2025Article
- Harnessing plant growth-promoting bacteria to combat watermelon mosaic virus in squash.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Developing an approach for evaluating the cardiotoxic potential of botanicals.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Review
- Cyclic Imines and Their Salts as Universal Precursors in the Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Alkaloids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are heterocyclic secondary metabolites with a typical pyrrolizidine motif predominantly produced by plants as defense chemicals against herbivores. They display a wide structural diversity and occur in a vast number of species with novel structures and occurrences continuously being discovered. These alkaloids exhibit strong hepatotoxic, genotoxic, cytotoxic, tumorigenic, and neurotoxic activities, and thereby pose a serious threat to the health of humans since they are known contaminants of foods including grain, milk, honey, and eggs, as well as plant derived pharmaceuticals and food supplements. Livestock and fodder can be affected due to PA-containing plants on pastures and fields. Despite their importance as toxic contaminants of agricultural products, there is limited knowledge about their biosynthesis. While the intermediates were well defined by feeding experiments, only one enzyme involved in PA biosynthesis has been characterized so far, the homospermidine synthase catalyzing the first committed step in PA biosynthesis. This review gives an overview about structural diversity of PAs, biosynthetic pathways of necine base, and necic acid formation and how PA accumulation is regulated. Furthermore, we discuss their role in plant ecology and their modes of toxicity towards humans and animals. Finally, several examples of PA-producing crop plants are discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.