Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30703668›Full record

ArticleAddictive behaviors2019

Reasons to use e-cigarettes among adults and youth in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study.

Nicole E Nicksic, L Morgan Snell, Andrew J Barnes

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Addictive behaviors, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Access to E-Cigarettes Is Easy in a Regional Area in Australia: A Qualitative Study to Explore Young People's Views on Vaping.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
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  7. A Cross-Sectional Survey on Oral Nicotine Pouches: Characterizing Use-Motives, Topography, Dependence Levels, and Adverse Events.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
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  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Cue Reactivity to Electronic Cigarettes: A Systematic Review.Substance abuse : research and treatment · 2022
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Associated Changes in E-cigarette Puff Duration and Cigarettes Smoked per Day.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Nicole E NicksicCenter for the Study of Tobacco Products, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States. Electronic address: nenicksic@vcu.edu.
L Morgan SnellDepartment of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
Andrew J BarnesCenter for the Study of Tobacco Products, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
Virginia Commonwealth University · US

Funding

Project 4: Using a prospective cohort survey to test population-level predictions generated by Projects 1-3U54DA036105 · NIDA · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI BRELAND, ALISON, EISSENBERG, THOMAS EVAN · 2018 to 2022
$20.8M
Training and Education Core p270-287P50DA036105 · NIDA · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI EISSENBERG, THOMAS EVAN · 2013 to 2017
$19.2M
VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center NCI Community Oncology Research ProgramUG1CA189869 · NCI · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI HARRY D BEAR, Khalid Matin · 2014 to 2026
$14.1M
Training Program in Cancer Prevention and Control and Cancer Health Equity (CPC-CHE)T32CA093423 · NCI · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI Bernard F Fuemmeler, Oxana G Palesh · 2018 to 2026
$3.0M
Effects of cigar flavors on measures of abuse liability among young adultsR03DA043005 · NIDA · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI BARNES, ANDREW JAMES · 2016 to 2017
$229k
NCI NIH HHS T32 CA093423NCI NIH HHS UG1 CA189869NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA036105NIDA NIH HHS R03 DA043005NIDA NIH HHS U54 DA036105
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhile e-cigarette use is increasing, reasons to use e-cigarettes are poorly summarized in the literature. The objective of this study was to organize reasons to use e-cigarette items into factors and determine associations between these factors and e-cigarette user characteristics.

methodsData were drawn from youth (12-17) and adults (18+) in Wave 1 (2013-2014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on 13 reasons to use survey items from experimental and established adult e-cigarette users and past 30 day youth e-cigarette users to determine two factors - "alternative to cigarettes" and "larger social environment". Weighted linear regression models tested the associations between e-cigarette user group and sociodemographics and reasons to use factors among youth and adults.

resultsAdult current established e-cigarette users were associated with both alternative to cigarettes (β = 0.128, p < .001) and larger social environment (β = 0.063, p < .001) factors, while former established e-cigarette users were associated with alternative to cigarettes (β = 0.064, p < .001). Several adult sociodemographic characteristics were associated with one but not the other factor, or both but in opposite directions. Youth that used e-cigarettes earlier today were also associated with both reasons to use factors (β = 0.127-0.130, p < .01, each); however, youth using any other day in the past 30 days was not associated with either factor.

conclusionsReasons to use are associated with patterns of e-cigarette use among youth and adults. These factors could support a comprehensive approach to addressing rising e-cigarette use among youth and adults and target certain user populations.

Indexed as

MotivationSocial EnvironmentAdolescentAdultAgedAge FactorsChildCigarette SmokingElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHarm ReductionHumansLinear ModelsMaleMiddle AgedAdultsE-cigarettesFactor analysisReasons to useTobaccoTobacco useYouth

Identifiers

PMID30703668
PMCPMC6594857
OpenAlexW2912208542

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.