ReviewMedical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research2019
Correlation Between Smoking and Passive Smoking with Multiple Sclerosis and the Underlying Molecular Mechanisms.
Review in Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Modulation of the immunological and neuroinflammatory microenvironment in older people with multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gut-heart axis disruption and LPS translocation: driving atrial fibrillation through inflammatory storm and fibrotic mechanisms.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Nicotine, Alcohol Consumption, and Risk of Myasthenia Gravis: Results From the Swedish Nationwide GEMG Study.Neurology · 2025Article
- Secondhand smoke is associated with abdominal obesity and high obesity index in a large Taiwanese population study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Relation Between Smoking and Disability Progression in Iranian Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Case-Control Study.International journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study of association between smoking initiation and atrial fibrillation.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- The impact of different lifestyle factors on disability in multiple sclerosis at older ages: a monocentric retrospective study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2024Article
- Association between air pollution and CSF sTREM2 in cognitively normal older adults: The CABLE study.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2022Article
- A Case of Double Standard: Sex Differences in Multiple Sclerosis Risk Factors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Skin Phototype Could Be a Risk Factor for Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Air Pollution and Central Nervous System Disease: A Review of the Impact of Fine Particulate Matter on Neurological Disorders.Frontiers in public health · 2020Review
- The health burden of non-communicable neurological disorders in the USA between 1990 and 2017.Brain communications · 2020Article
- Environmental Influencers, MicroRNA, and Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of central nervous system disease · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the spinal cord and brain. Many studies have shown that smoking and passive smoking are key environmental risk factors for MS. Here, we provide an overview of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene studies on smoking and MS risk, and we discuss recent studies on between epigenetics and smoking-induced MS. In addition, in this review we also summarize current research advances in biological pathways and smoking-induced MS. This review provides an overview of studies on the association between smoking, passive smoking, and MS susceptibility, and the underlying molecular mechanism.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.