SynthesisHeart (British Cardiac Society)2019
Inflammation markers and risk of developing hypertension: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Synthesis in Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 173 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mindfulness based interventions for blood pressure reduction: systematic and umbrella review of existing meta-analyses.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Pooled it
- Association between hypertension and impaired lung function among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of loss-of-control eating in relation to cardiometabolic health components and inflammatory markers.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2024Pooled it
- Inflammatory biomarkers in cardiac syndrome X: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Associations of dietary inflammatory index with metabolic syndrome and its components: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Public health nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- COVID-19 and Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Metabolic Syndrome in an Aging Society - Role of Oxidant-Antioxidant Imbalance and Inflammation Markers in Disentangling Atherosclerosis.Clinical interventions in aging · 2021Pooled it
- Global assessment of C-reactive protein and health-related outcomes: an umbrella review of evidence from observational studies and Mendelian randomization studies.European journal of epidemiology · 2021Pooled it
- The effect of multistrain probiotics on functional constipation in the elderly: a randomized controlled trial.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Trial
- Effects of Interleukin-1β Inhibition on Blood Pressure, Incident Hypertension, and Residual Inflammatory Risk: A Secondary Analysis of CANTOS.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2020Trial
- The Ketogenic Diet in the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension (HTN).Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Association of the skeletal muscle mass-to-visceral fat area ratio with cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2026Article
- Potential Value of Weight-Adjusted Waist Circumference Index in Estimating the Prevalence of Prehypertension and Hypertension in an Elderly Chinese Population.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2026Article
- Maternal Early-Pregnancy Cardiovascular Health and Offspring Emotional, Behavioral, and Cognitive Outcomes in Adolescence.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- C-reactive protein and residual cardiovascular risk in hypertension: a prospective cohort study.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Article
- Inflammatory Prognostic Index: A Novel Predictor of In-Stent Restenosis Following Drug-Eluting Stent-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Impact of yoga on cardiometabolic health in adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Analysis of inflammatory markers in patients with abnormal circadian rhythm of blood pressure.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Interacting and joint effects of atherogenic index of plasma and dietary inflammatory index on hypertension-diabetes comorbidity risk in Chinese elderly adults: results from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2015-2017.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- 24-Hour ambulatory blood pressure and C-reactive protein: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical hypertension · 2026Review
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo systematically assess the association of circulating inflammation markers with the future risk of hypertension.
methodsWe did a systematic literature search of PubMed and Scopus, from database inception to July 10, 2018. Prospective and retrospective cohort studies evaluating the association of circulating C reactive protein (CRP), high-sensitive CRP (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-1β to the risk of developing hypertension in the general population were included. The relative risks (RRs) for the top versus bottom tertiles of circulating biomarkers were calculated using a fixed-effects/random-effects model. A potential non-linear dose-response association was tested.
resultsFourteen prospective cohort studies, two retrospective cohort studies and five nested case-control studies involving 142 640 participants and 20 676 cases were identified. The RR for the third versus first tertiles of circulating CRP was 1.23 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.35; I
conclusionsHigher levels of circulating CRP, hs-CRP and IL-6, but not IL-1β, were associated with the risk of developing hypertension. The association persisted in subgroups of studies defined by major sources of heterogeneity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.