Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30699315›Full record

Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2019

Oral versus Intravenous Antibiotics for Bone and Joint Infection.

Ho-Kwong Li, Ines Rombach, Rhea Zambellas, A Sarah Walker, Martin A McNally, Bridget L Atkins, Benjamin A Lipsky, Harriet C Hughes, Deepa Bose, Michelle Kümin and 50 more

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readComparative StudyEquivalence TrialMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 426 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
426citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05977868 phase4terminatednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Comparing Oral Versus Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (COPAT) Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorWest Virginia UniversityRan2023 to 2025Enrolled94ConditionsEndovascular Infection, Bone and Joint Infection, Skin and Soft Tissue Infection, Pulmonary InfectionArmsAmoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefadroxil, cefpodoxime, cefalexin, ciprofloxacin, delafloxacin, doxycycline, levofloxacin, linezolid, Ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, cefazolin, cefepime, ceftaroline, ceftazidime, ceftazidime-avibactam, dalbavancin, daptomycin, ertapenem
NCT07148960 phase4enrolling by invitationnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Does Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia Early Dual Therapy Improve Outcomes? (SABEDTIO) Clinical Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorWest Virginia UniversityRan2025 to 2027Enrolled300ConditionsStaphylococcus Aureus BacteremiaArmsEarly Dual IV Antibiotic Therapy - MRSA, Early Dual IV Antibiotic Therapy - MSSA, Single Agent IV Antibiotic Therapy - MRSA, Single Agent IV Antibiotic Therapy - MSSA
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

426 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. The role of oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the treatment of osteomyelitis: a systematic review.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. A Systematic Review of Health-Related Quality-of-Life Measurement in Patients With Complicated Intraabdominal Infections.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025
    Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Rifampin Based Therapy for Patients With Staphylococcus aureus Native Vertebral Osteomyelitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024
    Pooled it
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Trial
  15. Trial
  16. [Acute diagnostics-focus on septic arthritis].Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

366 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

60 authors.

Ho-Kwong LiFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Ines RombachFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Rhea ZambellasFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
A Sarah WalkerFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Martin A McNallyFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Bridget L AtkinsFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Benjamin A LipskyFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Harriet C HughesFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Deepa BoseFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Michelle KüminFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Claire ScarboroughFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Philippa C MatthewsFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Andrew J BrentFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Jose LomasFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Roger GundleFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Mark RogersFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Adrian TaylorFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Brian AngusFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Ivor ByrenFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Anthony R BerendtFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Simon WarrenFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Fiona E FitzgeraldFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Damien J F MackFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Susan HopkinsFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Jonathan FolbFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Helen E ReynoldsFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Elinor MooreFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Jocelyn MarshallFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Neil JenkinsFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Christopher E MoranFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Andrew F WoodhouseFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Samantha StaffordFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
R Andrew SeatonFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Claire VallanceFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Carolyn J HemsleyFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Karen BisnauthsingFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Jonathan A T SandoeFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Ila AggarwalFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Simon C EllisFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Deborah J BunnFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Rebecca K SutherlandFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Gavin BarlowFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Cushla CooperFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Claudia GeueFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Nicola McMeekinFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Andrew H BriggsFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Parham SendiFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Elham KhatamzasFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Tri WangrangsimakulFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
T H Nicholas WongFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Lucinda K BarrettFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Abtin AlvandFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
C Fraser OldFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Jennifer BostockFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
John PaulFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Graham CookeFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Guy E ThwaitesFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Philip BejonFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
Matthew ScarboroughFrom Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (H.-K.L., M.A.M., B.L.A., P.C.M., A.J.B., J.L., R.G., M.R., A.T., B.A., I.B., A.R.B., E.K., T.W., T.H.N.W., L.K.B., A.A., P.B., M.S.) and the Nuffield Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science (I.R., R.Z., C.C., A.A.) and Medicine (M.K., C.S., P.C.M., A.J.B., B.A., G.E.T., P.B., M.S.) and the Division of Medical Sciences (B.A.L.), University of Oxford, Oxford, the Division of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London (H.-K.L., G.C.), Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London (A.S.W.), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (S.W., D.J.F.M., S.H.), Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust (C.J.H., K.B.), and Public Health England (J.P.), London, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff (H.C.H.), University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (D.B.) and Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust (N.J., C.E.M., A.F.W., S.S.), Birmingham, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore (S.W., F.E.F., D.J.F.M.), Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool (J.F., H.E.R.), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge (E.M., J.M.), Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (R.A.S., C.V.), and Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, University of Glasgow (C.G., N.M., A.H.B.), Glasgow, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.A.T.S.), Ninewells Hospital, NHS Tayside, Dundee (I.A.), Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland (S.C.E., D.J.B.), Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh (R.K.S.), and Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull (G.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (P.S.); Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Wellcome Trust, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (G.E.T.); and Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya (P.B.). C.F.O. and J.B. are patient representatives and do not have an institutional affiliation.
OVIVA Trial Collaborators

Funding

Department of Health 11/36/29Department of Health HTA/11/36/29Medical Research Council MC_UU_12023/22
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe management of complex orthopedic infections usually includes a prolonged course of intravenous antibiotic agents. We investigated whether oral antibiotic therapy is noninferior to intravenous antibiotic therapy for this indication.

methodsWe enrolled adults who were being treated for bone or joint infection at 26 U.K. centers. Within 7 days after surgery (or, if the infection was being managed without surgery, within 7 days after the start of antibiotic treatment), participants were randomly assigned to receive either intravenous or oral antibiotics to complete the first 6 weeks of therapy. Follow-on oral antibiotics were permitted in both groups. The primary end point was definitive treatment failure within 1 year after randomization. In the analysis of the risk of the primary end point, the noninferiority margin was 7.5 percentage points.

resultsAmong the 1054 participants (527 in each group), end-point data were available for 1015 (96.3%). Treatment failure occurred in 74 of 506 participants (14.6%) in the intravenous group and 67 of 509 participants (13.2%) in the oral group. Missing end-point data (39 participants, 3.7%) were imputed. The intention-to-treat analysis showed a difference in the risk of definitive treatment failure (oral group vs. intravenous group) of -1.4 percentage points (90% confidence interval [CI], -4.9 to 2.2; 95% CI, -5.6 to 2.9), indicating noninferiority. Complete-case, per-protocol, and sensitivity analyses supported this result. The between-group difference in the incidence of serious adverse events was not significant (146 of 527 participants [27.7%] in the intravenous group and 138 of 527 [26.2%] in the oral group; P=0.58). Catheter complications, analyzed as a secondary end point, were more common in the intravenous group (9.4% vs. 1.0%).

conclusionsOral antibiotic therapy was noninferior to intravenous antibiotic therapy when used during the first 6 weeks for complex orthopedic infection, as assessed by treatment failure at 1 year. (Funded by the National Institute for Health Research; OVIVA Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN91566927 .).

Indexed as

Administration, OralAdministration, IntravenousAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAnti-Bacterial AgentsBone Diseases, InfectiousFemaleHumansIntention to Treat AnalysisJoint DiseasesMaleMedication AdherenceMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomeAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID30699315
PMCPMC6522347

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.