ArticleBMJ open2019
Under-reporting of diagnosed tuberculosis to the national surveillance system in China: an inventory study in nine counties in 2015.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Under-reporting of Childhood Tuberculosis Cases in Indonesia and Associated Factors.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2026Article
- Trends and projection of pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in Hubei Province, china: an age‒period‒cohort modeling study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Estimating childhood tuberculosis incidence and under-reporting in Gedeo Zone, Ethiopia: a Bayesian hidden Markov model.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Age-period-cohort study of active pulmonary tuberculosis in eastern China: analysis of 15-year surveillance data.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Incomplete tuberculosis reporting and registration to the surveillance system in southwestern China of Yunnan Province: an inventory survey.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of extrapulmonary tuberculosis from South-Central China.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Trends and Projection of the Incidence of Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Southwestern China: Age-Period-Cohort Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Article
- Under-Reporting of Tuberculosis Disease among Children and Adolescents in Low and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Review
- Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis among pediatric inpatients in mainland China: a descriptive, multicenter study.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- Assessment of TB underreporting by level of reporting system in Lagos, Nigeria.Public health action · 2022Article
- Undernotification and underreporting of tuberculosis in Zambia: a national data quality assessment.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Genetic and hormonal mechanisms underlying sex-specific immune responses in tuberculosis.Trends in immunology · 2022Review
- Survival Analysis and Associated Factors for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Death: Evidence from the Information System of Tuberculosis Disease and Mortality Surveillance in China.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2022Article
- Implementing a new tuberculosis surveillance system in Zhejiang, Jilin and Ningxia: improvements, challenges and implications for China's National Health Information System.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2021Article
- Assessing the Quality of Reporting to China's National TB Surveillance Systems.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Impact of multiple policy interventions on the screening and diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients: a cascade analysis on six prefectures in China.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2021Article
- Temperature and humidity associated with increases in tuberculosis notifications: a time-series study in Hong Kong.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- Completeness of tuberculosis case notifications in Germany in 2013-2017: first results of an inventory study.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Incidence and risk factors of tuberculosis among the elderly population in China: a prospective cohort study.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe WHO estimates that almost 40% of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) are not reported. We implemented this study to assess TB under-reporting and delayed treatment registration in nine counties in China.
designA retrospective inventory study (record review).
settingCounties were selected using purposive sampling from nine provinces distributed across eastern, central and western regions of China in 2015. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Under-reporting was calculated as the percentage of patients with TB not reported to TB Information Management System (TBIMS) within 6 months of diagnosis. Delayed registration was estimated as the percentage of reported cases initiating treatment 7 or more days after diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression and an alpha level of 0.05 were used to examine factors associated with these outcomes.
resultsOf the 5606 patients with TB identified from project health facilities and social insurance systems, 1082 (19.3%) were not reported to TBIMS. Of the 4524 patients successfully reported, 1416 (31.3%) were not registered for treatment within 7 days of diagnosis. Children, TB pleurisy, patients diagnosed in the eastern and central regions and patients with a TB diagnosis recorded in either health facilities or social insurance system-but not both-were statistically more likely to be unreported. Delayed treatment registration was more likely for previously treated patients with TB, patients with negative or unknown sputum results and for patients diagnosed in the eastern region.
conclusionAlmost one in every five patients diagnosed with TB in this study was unknown to local or national TB control programmes. We recommend strengthening TB data management practices, particularly in the eastern and central regions, and developing specific guidelines for reporting paediatric TB and TB pleurisy. Patient education and follow-up by diagnosing facilities could improve timely treatment registration. Additional studies are needed to assess under-reporting elsewhere in China.
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