ReviewFrontiers in immunology2018
Combining Radiotherapy With Anti-angiogenic Therapy and Immunotherapy; A Therapeutic Triad for Cancer?
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of the Mechanistic Effects of Ginsenosides on Enhancing Radiotherapy and Providing Radioprotection.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical research progress of fruquintinib in the treatment of malignant tumors.Investigational new drugs · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of the combination of camrelizumab and apatinib in the treatment of liver cancer: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Modulation of VEGF and IL-2 in radiation-induced brain injury: neuroprotective effects of melatonin and ascorbic acid in rats.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- TLR7 Agonist Imiquimod Improves the Therapeutic Antitumor Effect of High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy.Cancers · 2026Article
- Article
- Research progress of anti-angiogenic therapy combined with immunotherapy and radiotherapy for the treatment of brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer (Review).Oncology letters · 2025Review
- Fractionated low-dose radiotherapy primes the tumor microenvironment for immunotherapy in a murine mesothelioma model.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy and targeted therapy versus immunotherapy plus targeted therapy alone in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Targeted therapy acts to sensitize stereotactic body radiotherapy for pulmonary oligometastases from colorectal cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- IFNγ-Induced Bcl3, PD-L1 and IL-8 Signaling in Ovarian Cancer: Mechanisms and Clinical Significance.Cancers · 2024Review
- Enhanced perfusion following exposure to radiotherapy: A theoretical investigation.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Therapeutic In Situ Cancer Vaccine Using Pulsed Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy-A Translational Model.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Intraoperative radiotherapy in breast cancer: Alterations to the tumor microenvironment and subsequent biological outcomes (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2023Review
- Unraveling the Angiogenic Puzzle: Pre-Treatment sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2 Levels as Promising Prognostic Indicators in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Novel VEGFR2 inhibitors with thiazoloquinoxaline scaffold targeting hepatocellular carcinoma with lower cardiotoxic impact.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Recombinant Endostatin as a Potential Radiosensitizer in the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- RIFLE: a Phase II trial of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy combined with fruquintinib and tislelizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer.Gastroenterology report · 2023Article
- Primary vaginal malignant melanoma successfully treated with combination therapy: A case report.Oncology letters · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Radiotherapy has been used for the treatment of cancer for over a century. Throughout this period, the therapeutic benefit of radiotherapy has continuously progressed due to technical developments and increased insight in the biological mechanisms underlying the cellular responses to irradiation. In order to further improve radiotherapy efficacy, there is a mounting interest in combining radiotherapy with other forms of therapy such as anti-angiogenic therapy or immunotherapy. These strategies provide different opportunities and challenges, especially with regard to dose scheduling and timing. Addressing these issues requires insight in the interaction between the different treatment modalities. In the current review, we describe the basic principles of the effects of radiotherapy on tumor vascularization and tumor immunity and vice versa. We discuss the main strategies to combine these treatment modalities and the hurdles that have to be overcome in order to maximize therapeutic effectivity. Finally, we evaluate the outstanding questions and present future prospects of a therapeutic triad for cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.