Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30692165›Full record

ArticleTobacco control2020

Impact of smoke-free legislation on acute myocardial infarction and stroke mortality: Tianjin, China, 2007-2015.

Hong Xiao, Hui Zhang, Dezheng Wang, Chengfeng Shen, Zhongliang Xu, Ying Zhang, Guohong Jiang, Gonghuan Yang, Xia Wan, Mohsen Naghavi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco control, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  10. Smoking Bans and Circulatory System Disease Mortality Reduction in Macao (China): Using GRA Models.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Hong XiaoDepartment of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Hui ZhangTianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China.
Dezheng WangTianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China.
Chengfeng ShenTianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China.
Zhongliang XuTianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China.
Ying ZhangTianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China.
Guohong JiangTianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China.
Gonghuan YangInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Xia WanInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Mohsen NaghaviInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSmoke-free legislation is an effective way to protect the population from the harms of secondhand smoke and has been implemented in many countries. On 31 May 2012, Tianjin became one of the few cities in China to implement smoke-free legislation. We investigated the impact of smoke-free legislation on mortality due to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stroke in Tianjin.

methodsAn interrupted time series design adjusting for underlying secular trends, seasonal patterns, population size changes and meteorological factors was conducted to analyse the impact of the smoke-free law on the weekly mortality due to AMI and stroke. The study period was from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2015, with a 3.5-year postlegislation follow-up.

resultsFollowing the implementation of the smoke-free law, there was a decline in the annual trends of AMI and stroke mortality. An incremental 16% (rate ratio (RR): 0.84; 95% CI: 0.83 to 0.85) decrease per year in AMI mortality and a 2% (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97 to 0.99) annual decrease in stroke mortality among the population aged ≥35 years in Tianjin was observed. Immediate postlegislation reductions in mortality were not statistically significant. An estimated 10 000 (22%) AMI deaths were prevented within 3.5 years of the implementation of the law.

conclusionThe smoke-free law in Tianjin was associated with reductions in AMI mortality. This study reinforces the need for large-scale, effective and comprehensive smoke-free laws at the national level in China.

Indexed as

AdultAgedChinaCitiesFemaleHumansInterrupted Time Series AnalysisMaleMiddle AgedMortalityMyocardial InfarctionPoisson DistributionSmoke-Free PolicyStrokeTobacco Smoke PollutionTobacco Smoke PollutionpreventionPublic policysecondhand smokesurveillance and monitoring

Identifiers

PMID30692165
PMCPMC6952839

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.