ArticleCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne2019
The risk of infective endocarditis among people who inject drugs: a retrospective, population-based time series analysis.
Article in CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04544306 (Partial Oral Antimicrobial Versus Intravenous Antimicrobial Therapy to Treat Infective Endocarditis in People Who Inject Drugs), which is not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Partial Oral Antimicrobial Versus Intravenous Antimicrobial Therapy to Treat Infective Endocarditis in People Who Inject Drugs
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Controlled-release hydromorphone and risk of infection in adults: a systematic review.Harm reduction journal · 2023Pooled it
- Recent hydromorphone injection and risk of incident infective endocarditis among people who inject drugs in Toronto, Canada: a cohort study.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Exploring the value and acceptability of a patient navigator program for people who inject drugs and are hospitalized for bacterial infections: patients', community organization and healthcare workers' perspectives.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Infective Endocarditis Among Women Who Inject Drugs.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Partial oral versus full intravenous antibiotic treatment of endocarditis in people who inject drugs: A systematic review.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2024Article
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- Implementation of an integrated infectious disease and substance use disorder team for injection drug use-associated infections: a qualitative study.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2023Article
- Different drugs, different sides: injection use of opioids alone, and not stimulants alone, predisposes to right-sided endocarditis.Open heart · 2022Article
- "I have such a hard time hitting myself, I thought it'd be easier": perspectives of hospitalized patients on injecting drugs into vascular access devices.Harm reduction journal · 2022Article
- Temporal trends and patterns of infective endocarditis in a Chinese population: A territory-wide study in Hong Kong (2002-2019).The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2022Article
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- Association of Nonacute Opioid Use and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Scoping Review of the Literature.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Article
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- Misclassification Error-Adjusted Prevalence of Injection Drug Use Among Infective Endocarditis Hospitalizations in the United States: A Serial Cross-Sectional Analysis of the 2007-2016 National Inpatient Sample.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Article
- Infective Endocarditis in Persons Who Use Drugs: Epidemiology, Current Management, and Emerging Treatments.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2020Review
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- Risk of New Bloodstream Infections and Mortality Among People Who Inject Drugs With Infective Endocarditis.JAMA network open · 2020Article
- Numerous outbreaks amongst homeless and injection drug-using populations raise concerns of an evolving syndemic in London, Canada.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInfective endocarditis is an increasingly common complication among people who inject drugs. We conducted this study to determine whether the removal of traditional controlled-release oxycodone from the Canadian market would be associated with an increase in the use of hydromorphone and an increased risk of infective endocarditis.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective, population-based time series analysis using the linked health administrative databases of Ontario, Canada. We measured the quarterly risk of admissions for infective endocarditis related to injection drug use and changes in opioid prescription rates from 2006 to 2015. We set the intervention point at the fourth quarter of 2011, when traditional controlled-release oxycodone was removed from the Canadian market.
resultsWe observed an increase in the risk of admissions for infective endocarditis related to injection drug use during the study period. Before the intervention point, we observed a mean of 13.4 admissions per quarter, and after the intervention, we observed a mean of 35.1 admissions per quarter. However, no significant change in this risk occurred at the intervention point. Rather, the risk of infectious endocarditis appeared to have increased earlier and in parallel with the rise in hydromorphone prescriptions. Hydromorphone represented 16% of all opioid prescriptions at the start of the observation period and 53% by the end.
interpretationThe risk of infective endocarditis related to injection drug use is increasing and is temporally associated with increasing prescriptions for hydromorphone. This relation warrants further exploration.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.