ArticleSchizophrenia bulletin2019
Potent Dopamine D2 Antagonists Block the Reward-Enhancing Effects of Nicotine in Smokers With Schizophrenia.
Article in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Probing biomarkers and clinical utility of reward learning across species using the Probabilistic Reward Task: 20 years of findings.Nature. Mental health · 2026Article
- Molecular design of a therapeutic LSD analogue with reduced hallucinogenic potential.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Management of schizophrenia and comorbid substance use disorders: expert review and guidance.Annals of general psychiatry · 2024Review
- Smoking affects symptom improvement in schizophrenia: a prospective longitudinal study of male patients with first-episode schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- The double-edged nature of nicotine: toxicities and therapeutic potentials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Worsening stimulant use disorder outcomes coinciding with off-label antipsychotic prescribing: a commonly unrecognised side effect?BMJ case reports · 2023Article
- Changes in Learning From Social Feedback After Web-Based Interpretation Bias Modification: Secondary Analysis of a Digital Mental Health Intervention Among Individuals With High Social Anxiety Symptoms.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Article
- Demographics, clinical characteristics and cognitive symptoms of heavy smokers and non-heavy smokers in Chinese male patients with chronic schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2022Article
- TOBACCO USE DISORDER AND DUAL DISORDERS Joint statement by the Spanish Psychiatry Society and the Spanish Dual Disorders Society.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2022Article
- A cross-species assay demonstrates that reward responsiveness is enduringly impacted by adverse, unpredictable early-life experiences.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Smoking as a Common Modulator of Sensory Gating and Reward Learning in Individuals with Psychotic Disorders.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Cigarette Smoking and Schizophrenia: Etiology, Clinical, Pharmacological, and Treatment Implications.Schizophrenia research and treatment · 2021Review
- Partial Agonists and Dual Disorders: Focus on Dual Schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Once-Monthly Long-Acting Injectable Aripiprazole for the Treatment of Patients with Schizophrenia and Co-occurring Substance Use Disorders: A Multicentre, Observational Study.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Antipsychotics that are potent dopamine (DA) D2 receptor antagonists have been linked to elevated levels of nicotine dependence in smokers with schizophrenia. Because activation of D2 receptors mediates motivation for nicotine, we examined whether potent D2 antagonists would diminish nicotine's ability to stimulate reward processing-a mechanism that may drive compensatory increases in smoking. Smokers with schizophrenia (n = 184) were recruited and stratified into medication groups based on D2 receptor antagonist potency. The effects of smoking on reward function were assessed using a probabilistic reward task (PRT), administered pre- and post-smoking. The PRT used an asymmetrical reinforcement schedule to produce a behavioral response bias, previously found to increase under conditions (including smoking) that enhance mesolimbic DA signaling. Among the 98 participants with valid PRT data and pharmacotherapy that could be stratified into D2 receptor antagonism potency, a medication × smoking × block interaction emerged (P = .005). Post-hoc tests revealed a smoking × block interaction only for those not taking potent D2 antagonists (P = .007). This group exhibited smoking-related increases in response bias (P < .001) that were absent in those taking potent D2 antagonists (P > .05). Our findings suggest that potent D2 antagonists diminish the reward-enhancing effects of nicotine in smokers with schizophrenia. This may be a mechanism implicated in the increased rate of smoking often observed in patients prescribed these medications. These findings have important clinical implications for the treatment of nicotine dependence in schizophrenia.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.