ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2019
Macrolides in critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome.
Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04349592 (Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Hydroxychloroquine With or Without Azithromycin for Virologic Cure of COVID-19), which is not on this map. Cited by 75 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Hydroxychloroquine With or Without Azithromycin for Virologic Cure of COVID-19
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review ofTheranostics · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Bacterial co-infection and secondary infection in patients with COVID-19: a living rapid review and meta-analysis.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Pharmacologic Treatments and Supportive Care for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome.Emerging infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Azithromycin in addition to standard of care versus standard of care alone in the treatment of patients admitted to the hospital with severe COVID-19 in Brazil (COALITION II): a randomised clinical trial.Lancet (London, England) · 2020Trial
- An anti-complement homogeneous polysaccharide fromActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Article
- National trends in Azithromycin consumption during 2017-2023 in Kazakhstan: impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the imperative for enhanced clinical guidelines.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- STING regulates NETs formation by activating GSDMD in influenza viral pneumonia.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated bacterial coinfection: Incidence, diagnosis and treatment.Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi · 2022Review
- SHEA statement on antibiotic stewardship in hospitals during public health emergencies.Infection control and hospital epidemiology · 2022Article
- Narrative review on century of respiratory pandemics from Spanish flu to COVID-19 and impact of nanotechnology on COVID-19 diagnosis and immune system boosting.Virology journal · 2022Review
- A Cephalosporin-Tripodalamine Conjugate Inhibits Metallo-β-Lactamase with High Efficacy and Low Toxicity.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Seroprevalence of community-acquired atypical bacterial pneumonia among adult COVID-19 patients from a single center in Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective cohort study.Saudi medical journal · 2022Article
- Pulmonary bacterial infections in adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in standard wards.Infectious diseases now · 2022Observational
- Antibiotic prescribing patterns among patients admitted to an academic teaching hospital for COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic in Toronto: A retrospective, controlled study.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2022Article
- Co-infecting pathogens can contribute to inflammatory responses and severe symptoms in COVID-19.Journal of thoracic disease · 2022Article
- Genetic Predisposition and Inflammatory Inhibitors in COVID-19: Where Do We Stand?Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Azithromycin Misuse During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study from Jordan.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Induced Kidney Injury: A Literature Review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
27 authors at 14 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesMacrolides have been reported to be associated with improved outcomes in patients with viral pneumonia related to influenza and other viruses, possibly because of their immune-modulatory effects. Macrolides have frequently been used in patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). This study investigated the association of macrolides with 90-day mortality and MERS coronavirus (CoV) RNA clearance in critically ill patients with MERS.
methodsThis retrospective analysis of a multicenter cohort database included 14 tertiary-care hospitals in five cities in Saudi Arabia. Multivariate logistic-regression analysis was used to determine the association of macrolide therapy with 90-day mortality, and the Cox-proportional hazard model to determine the association of macrolide therapy with MERS-CoV RNA clearance.
resultsOf 349 critically ill MERS patients, 136 (39%) received macrolide therapy. Azithromycin was most commonly used (97/136; 71.3%). Macrolide therapy was commonly started before the patient arrived in the intensive care unit (ICU) (51/136; 37.5%), or on day1 in ICU (53/136; 39%). On admission to ICU, the baseline characteristics of patients who received and did not receive macrolides were similar, including demographic data and sequential organ failure assessment score. However, patients who received macrolides were more likely to be admitted with community-acquired MERS (P=0.02). Macrolide therapy was not independently associated with a significant difference in 90-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] :0.47-1.51; P=0.56) or MERS-CoV RNA clearance (adjusted HR: 0.88; 95% CI:0.47-1.64; P=0.68).
conclusionsThese findings indicate that macrolide therapy is not associated with a reduction in 90-day mortality or improvement in MERS-CoV RNA clearance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.