ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2019
Differential immunoglobulin and complement levels in leprosy prior to development of reversal reaction and erythema nodosum leprosum.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Probing Dermal Immunity to Mycobacteria through a Controlled Human Infection Model.ImmunoHorizons · 2024Trial
- Sequential trypsin and ProAlanase digestions unearth immunological protein biomarkers shrouded by skeletal collagen.iScience · 2024Article
- Review
- Pathogenicity and virulence ofVirulence · 2022Review
- Susceptibility and resistance in leprosy: Studies in the mouse model.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- The Role of Complement System and the Immune Response to Tuberculosis Infection.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Review
- Serum IgA Antibodies Specific toFrontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Neutrophil NETworking in ENL: Potential as a Putative Biomarker: Future Insights.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Changes in B Cell Pool of Patients With Multibacillary Leprosy: Diminished Memory B Cell and Enhanced Mature B in Peripheral Blood.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Host-Related Laboratory Parameters for Leprosy Reactions.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Adding MASP1 to the lectin pathway-Leprosy association puzzle: Hints from gene polymorphisms and protein levels.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- The Many Hosts of Mycobacteria 8 (MHM8): A conference report.Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2020Review
- Current Concepts and Challenges in the Management of Erythema Nodosum Leprosum.Indian dermatology online journalArticle
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLeprosy is a treatable infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. However, there is additional morbidity from leprosy-associated pathologic immune reactions, reversal reaction (RR) and erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), which occur in 1 in 3 people with leprosy, even with effective treatment of M. leprae. There is currently no predictive marker in use to indicate which people with leprosy will develop these debilitating immune reactions. Our peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) transcriptome analysis revealed that activation of the classical complement pathway is common to both RR and ENL. Additionally, differential expression of immunoglobulin receptors and B cell receptors during RR and ENL support a role for the antibody-mediated immune response during both RR and ENL. In this study, we investigated B-cell immunophenotypes, total and M. leprae-specific antibodies, and complement levels in leprosy patients with and without RR or ENL. The objective was to determine the role of these immune mediators in pathogenesis and assess their potential as biomarkers of risk for immune reactions in people with leprosy. METHODOLOGY/
findingsWe followed newly diagnosed leprosy cases (n = 96) for two years for development of RR or ENL. They were compared with active RR (n = 35), active ENL (n = 29), and healthy household contacts (n = 14). People with leprosy who subsequently developed ENL had increased IgM, IgG1, and C3d-associated immune complexes with decreased complement 4 (C4) at leprosy diagnosis. People who developed RR also had decreased C4 at leprosy diagnosis. Additionally, elevated anti-M. leprae antibody levels were associated with subsequent RR or ENL.
conclusionsDifferential co-receptor expression and immunoglobulin levels before and during immune reactions intimate a central role for humoral immunity in RR and ENL. Decreased C4 and elevated anti-M. leprae antibodies in people with new diagnosis of leprosy may be risk factors for subsequent development of leprosy immune reactions.
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