Observational studyJournal of neuroinflammation2019
Evidence of a distinct peripheral inflammatory profile in sport-related concussion.
Observational study in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blood biomarkers of secondary outcomes following concussion: A systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- High-dimensional proteomic analysis for pathophysiological classification of traumatic brain injury.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Pharmacological and physiological effects of cannabidiol: a dose escalation, placebo washout study protocol.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Association of Blood Biomarkers of Inflammation With Acute Concussion in Collegiate Athletes and Military Service Academy Cadets.Neurology · 2024Article
- Whole blood stimulation provides preliminary evidence of altered immune function following SRC.BMC immunology · 2024Observational
- Concussion: Beyond the Cascade.Cells · 2023Review
- A Review of the Most Recent Clinical and Neuropathological Criteria for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Making the case for prophylactic use of betaine to promote brain health in young (15-24 year old) athletes at risk for concussion.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Inflammatory cytokines associated with mild traumatic brain injury and clinical outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Alterations to the gut microbiome after sport-related concussion in a collegiate football players cohort: A pilot study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2022Article
- Post-Concussion Syndrome and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Narrative Review on the Neuropathology, Neuroimaging and Fluid Biomarkers.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Proteomic Profiling of Plasma Biomarkers Associated With Return to Sport Following Concussion: Findings From the NCAA and Department of Defense CARE Consortium.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Imaging oxidative stress in brains of chronic methamphetamine users: A combined 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and peripheral blood biomarker study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Selected issues in sport-related concussion (SRC|mild traumatic brain injury) for the team physician: a consensus statement.British journal of sports medicine · 2021Article
- Systemic Inflammation Persists the First Year after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Results from the Prospective Trondheim Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Study.Journal of neurotrauma · 2020Article
- A Prospective Study of Acute Blood-Based Biomarkers for Sport-Related Concussion.Annals of neurology · 2020Article
- Interleukin-6 is associated with acute concussion in military combat personnel.BMC neurology · 2020Observational
- The relationship between symptom burden and systemic inflammation differs between male and female athletes following concussion.BMC immunology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInflammation is considered a hallmark of concussion pathophysiology in experimental models, yet is understudied in human injury. Despite the growing use of blood biomarkers in concussion, inflammatory biomarkers have not been well characterized. Furthermore, it is unclear if the systemic inflammatory response to concussion differs from that of musculoskeletal injury. The purpose of this paper was to characterize systemic inflammation after injury in athletes with sport-related concussion or musculoskeletal injury.
methodsA prospective, observational cohort study was conducted employing 175 interuniversity athletes (sport-related concussion, n = 43; musculoskeletal injury, n = 30; healthy, n = 102) from 12 sports at a sports medicine clinic at an academic institution. High-sensitivity immunoassay was used to evaluate 20 inflammatory biomarkers in the peripheral blood of athletes within 7 days of injury (subacute) and at medical clearance. Healthy athletes were sampled prior to the start of their competitive season. Partial least squares regression analyses were used to identify salient biomarker contributions to class separation between injured and healthy athletes, as well as to evaluate the relationship between biomarkers and days to recovery in injured athletes.
resultsIn the subacute period after injury, compared to healthy athletes, athletes with sport-related concussion had higher levels of the chemokines' monocyte chemoattractant protein-4 (p < 0.001) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (p = 0.001); athletes with musculoskeletal injury had higher levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (p = 0.001). No significant differences in biomarker profiles were observed at medical clearance. Furthermore, concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (p = 0.007) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-4 (p < 0.001) at the subacute time point were positively correlated with days to recovery in athletes with sport-related concussion, while thymus and activation-regulated chemokine was (p = 0.001) positively correlated with days to recovery in athletes with musculoskeletal injury.
conclusionSport-related concussion is associated with perturbations to systemic inflammatory chemokines that differ from those observed in athletes with a musculoskeletal injury. These results support inflammation as an important facet of secondary injury after sport-related concussion that can be measured systemically in a human model of injury.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.