ArticlePediatric radiology2019
Intrarenal reflux, an overlooked entity - retrospective analysis of 1,166 voiding cysturethrographies in children.
Article in Pediatric radiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intrarenal reflux is linked to subsequent kidney scarring: a retrospective study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- What paediatricians need to know about modern urologic management of vesicoureteral reflux.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Review
- [Voiding cystourethrography : Indications, fluoroscopy technique and radiation protection].Radiologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Reduced kidney size and renal function of high-grade vesicoureteral reflux and intrarenal reflux in contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Prevalence of intrarenal reflux in pediatric patients on contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography.Pediatric radiology · 2023Article
- Contrast-enhanced voiding ultrasonography to detect intrarenal reflux in children: comparison with 99mTc-DMSA renal scans.Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea) · 2022Article
- Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography in the diagnosis of intrarenal reflux.Journal of ultrasound · 2022Article
- The Spectrum of Parenchymal Changes in Kidneys Affected by Intrarenal Reflux, Diagnosed by Contrast-Enhanced Voiding Urosonography and DMSA Scan.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux and intrarenal reflux: a comparison of diagnostic performance with fluoroscopic voiding cystourethrography.Ultrasonography (Seoul, Korea) · 2021Article
- Types of Parenchymal Changes Diagnosed on DMSA Scans of Kidneys Affected by Different Grades of Vesicoureteral Reflux.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2021Article
- Intrarenal Reflux in the Light of Contrast-Enhanced Voiding Urosonography.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe significance of intrarenal reflux as a risk factor for renal scarring and hypertension has been discussed. Fluoroscopic detection of intrarenal reflux depends on the equipment, the training of the radiologists and the timing of spot film acquisition.
objectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of intrarenal reflux and its association with age, gender, grade of vesico-uretero-renal reflux and the renal segments affected. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe retrospectively analysed 1,166 voiding cysturethrographies. Patients' ages ranged from 1 day old to 19 years old. Vesico-uretero-renal reflux was detected in 209 female and 164 male patients using a standardised technique with digital pulsed fluoroscopy. The point in time and grade of reflux were documented with spot films. All radiographs showing reflux were assessed for the occurrence of intrarenal reflux.
resultsIntrarenal reflux was detected in 41 of 373 (11%) patients with vesico-uretero-renal reflux. Unilateral intrarenal reflux was found in 30 patients and bilateral in 11. The left kidney was more frequently affected than the right (31 versus 21). Only patients younger than 9 years of age were affected (mean age: 1.6 years, median: 0.8 years). Intrarenal reflux was independent of gender and was most frequently observed in grade IV reflux (59.6%) and less often in grade V (23.1%) and grade III (17.3%).
conclusionIntrarenal reflux in this study was detected in 11% of patients with vesico-uretero-renal reflux, predominantly with reflux grade IV and in patients younger than 4 years old.
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