ArticleBMC ophthalmology2019
Prevalence and risk factors of refractive error: a cross-sectional Study in Han and Yi adults in Yunnan, China.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and related factors of high myopia among adults aged 50 years and older in Fujian Eye Study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Trajectories and predictors of spherical equivalent among multiethnic school-aged children in Southwest China: a 2.5-year cohort study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Comparison of spherical equivalent and estimated prevalence of myopia in school-age children between Shanghai and Yunnan in China.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Global trends in refractive disorders from 1990 to 2021: insights from the global burden of disease study and predictive modeling.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Trends in prevalence and disability-adjusted life years for refractive disorders in China and globally from 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
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- Prevalence of Refractive Errors Among Children at a Tertiary Care Center in Karnataka: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2024Article
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- Prevalence and risk factors for astigmatism in 7 to 19-year-old students in Xinjiang, China: a cross-sectional study.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of refractive error among adults in South Ethiopia, a community-based cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Differential compensatory role of internal astigmatism in school children and adults: The Hong Kong Children Eye Study.Eye (London, England) · 2023Article
- High prevalence of refractive errors in an elderly population; a public health issue.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- The Magnitude of Refractive Error and Its Associated Factors Among Patients Visiting Ophthalmology Clinics in Southern Ethiopia, 2022.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- Ocular health among industrial workers: a prevalence study of foreign body injury, refractive error, dry eye, pterygium and pingueculae.La Medicina del lavoro · 2022Article
- Refractive errors in a large dataset of French children: the ANJO study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Myopia and its associated factors among pregnant women at health institutions in Gondar District, Northwest Ethiopia: A multi-center cross-sectional study.Frontiers in global women's health · 2022Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of refractive error in Qinghai, China: a cross-sectional study in Han and Tibetan adults in Xining and surrounding areas.BMC ophthalmology · 2021Article
- IMI Impact of Myopia.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Review
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9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundFew studies have investigated the prevalence of refractive error (RE) in older adults in China, and most have focused on East China. Our study determined the prevalence and risk factors of RE in Han and Yi adults aged 40-80 years in rural and urban areas in Yunnan Province, Southwest China.
methodsOur cross-sectional study is part of the China National Health Survey (CNHS). The age-adjusted prevalence rates of RE in Han and Yi adults aged 40-80 years in Yunnan were compared. We used a multivariate logistic regression model to identify risk factors for myopia and hyperopia.
resultsAmong 1626 participants, the age-adjusted prevalence rates of myopia, hyperopia, high myopia and astigmatism were 26.35% (95%CI 24.01-28.70%), 19.89% (95%CI 18.16-21.61%), 2.64% (95%CI 1.75-3.53%), and 56.82% (95%CI 54.31-59.34%). Compared to the Yi population, the Han population had higher prevalence of myopia (31.50% vs 16.80%, p < 0.0001), high myopia (3.34% vs 1.31%, p = 0.049) and astigmatism (60.07% vs 50.67%, p = 0.026) but lower prevalence of hyperopia (16.58% vs 27.37%, p < 0.0001). In the multivariate logistic regression, individuals aged 45-49 (p < 0.001), 50-54 (p < 0.001), 55-59 (p = 0.014), and 60-64 years (p = 0.005) had a lower myopia risk than those aged 40-44 years, and individuals aged 50-54 (p = 0.002), 55-59, 60-64 and 65 years and older (all p < 0.001) had a higher hyperopia risk than those aged 40-44 years. Myopia was also associated with height (p = 0.035), time spent in rural areas (p = 0.014), undergraduate/graduate education level (p = 0.001, compared with primary school or lower education level) and diabetes (p = 0.008). The Yi population had a higher risk of hyperopia than the Han population (p = 0.025). Moreover, hyperopia was related to time spent in rural areas (p < 0.001) and pterygium (p = 0.019).
conclusionsOur study investigated the overall prevalence of RE in older adults in rural and urban areas of Southwest China. Compared to the Yi population, the Han population had a higher prevalence of myopia, high myopia and astigmatism but a lower risk of hyperopia. The prevalence of myopia in the Han population in underdeveloped Southwest China was similar to that of residents in East China or of Chinese Singaporeans under urban or rural settings.
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