ArticlePloS one2019
MALDI imaging mass spectrometry revealed atropine distribution in the ocular tissues and its transit from anterior to posterior regions in the whole-eye of rabbit after topical administration.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of imaging technologies to support complex generic drug development.Biophotonics discovery · 2026Review
- Dendrimer Nanogels with Built-in Free Radical Scavenging Enable Efficient Topical Delivery of a Hydrophilic Antioxidant to Restore Lens Redox Balance for Cataract Treatment.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Article
- Trans-eyelid distribution of epinastine to the conjunctiva following eyelid application in rabbits.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Frontiers in Mass Spectrometry-Based Spatial Metabolomics: Current Applications and Challenges in the Context of Biomedical Research.Trends in analytical chemistry : TRAC · 2024Article
- Advances in Ultra-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for Pharmaceutical Analysis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Application of AP-MALDI Imaging Mass Microscope for the Rapid Mapping of Imipramine, Chloroquine, and Their Metabolites in the Kidney and Brain of Wild-Type Mice.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Successful Proof-of-Concept for Topical Delivery of Novel Peptide ALM201 with Potential Usefulness for Treating Neovascular Eye Disorders.Ophthalmology science · 2022Article
- Pharmacological inhibition of MERTK induces in vivo retinal degeneration: a multimodal imaging ocular safety assessment.Archives of toxicology · 2022Article
- Partitioning and Spatial Distribution of Drugs in Ocular Surface Tissues.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Glycome in the Brain.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2021Review
- Distribution of Small Molecular Weight Drugs into the Porcine Lens: Studies on Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Partition Coefficients, and Implications in Ocular Pharmacokinetics.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2019Article
- Mass spectrometry in ocular drug research.Mass spectrometry reviewsReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is essential to elucidate drug distribution in the ocular tissues and drug transit in the eye for ophthalmic pharmaceutical manufacturers. Atropine is a reversible muscarinic receptor used to treat various diseases. However, its distribution in ocular tissues is still incompletely understood. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) evaluates drug distribution in biological samples. However, there have been few investigations of drug distribution in ocular tissues, including whole-eye segments. In the present study, we explored the spatial distribution of atropine in the whole-eye segment by MALDI-IMS, and then evaluated the changes in atropine level along the anterior-posterior and superior-inferior axes. A 1% atropine solution was administered to a rabbit and after 30 min, its eye was enucleated, sectioned, and analyzed by MALDI-IMS. Atropine accumulated primarily in the tear menisci but was found at substantially lower concentrations in the tissue surrounding the conjunctival sacs. Relative differences in atropine levels between the anterior and posterior regions provided insights into the post-instillation behavior of atropine. Atropine signal intensities differed among corneal layers and between the superior and inferior eyeball regions. Differences in signal intensity among tissues indicated that the drug migrated to the posterior regions via a periocular-scleral route. Line scan analysis elucidated atropine transit from the anterior to the posterior region. This information is useful for atropine delivery in the ocular tissues and indicates that MALDI-IMS is effective for revealing drug distribution in whole-eye sections.
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