ArticlePharmacoEconomics - open2019
Cost Effectiveness of Avelumab for Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma.
Article in PharmacoEconomics - open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02155647 (A Phase II, Open-Label, Multicenter Trial to Investigate the Clinical Activity and Safety of Avelumab), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase II, Open-Label, Multicenter Trial to Investigate the Clinical Activity and Safety of Avelumab (MSB0010718C) in Subjects With Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prophylaxis forBMJ open · 2023Pooled it
- The Use of Expert Elicitation among Computational Modeling Studies in Health Research: A Systematic Review.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2022Pooled it
- Different attitudes towards estimating indirect costs of disease: The example of cancer.Journal of public health research · 2025Review
- Adoptive cellular immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a cost-effectiveness analysis to inform drug pricing.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Systematic evaluation of Merkel cell carcinoma clinical practice guidelines using the AGREE II instrument.Archives of dermatological research · 2024Article
- Cost-effectiveness of abemaciclib plus endocrine therapy in high-risk HR+/HER2-early breast cancer in China.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2023Article
- Serplulimab Plus Chemotherapy vs Chemotherapy for Treatment of US and Chinese Patients with Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis to Inform Drug Pricing.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2023Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of Abemaciclib in Early Breast Cancer Patients: One Size Fits All or Tailoring to Patients' Needs?Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2023Article
- Cost-effectiveness of nivolumab plus ipilimumab as first-line treatment for American patients with unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of personalised versus standard dosimetry for selective internal radiation therapy with TheraSphere in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- A cost-utility analysis of avelumab for metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma in Taiwan.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2021Article
- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Abemaciclib Plus Fulvestrant in the Second-Line Treatment of Women With HR+/HER2- Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer: A US Payer Perspective.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Economic Evaluation of First-Line Atezolizumab for Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the US.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Clinical Outcomes, Costs, and Healthcare Resource Utilization in Patients with Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors vs Chemotherapy.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2021Article
- Evaluation of survival extrapolation in immuno-oncology using multiple pre-planned data cuts: learnings to aid in model selection.BMC medical research methodology · 2020Article
- A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: First-Line Avelumab Plus Axitinib Versus Sunitinib for Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Budget impact model of avelumab in patients with metastatic merkel cell carcinoma in the US.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMetastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (mMCC) is a rare and aggressive skin cancer. Until recently, there were no licensed treatment options for patients with mMCC, and prognosis was poor. A cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted for avelumab, a newly available treatment option for mMCC, versus standard care (SC), from a UK National Health Service perspective.
methodsA partitioned survival model was developed to assess the lifetime costs and effects of avelumab versus SC. Data from the JAVELIN Merkel 200 trial (NCT02155647) were used to inform estimates of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Unit costs and associated frequencies of use were informed by published literature and clinical expert opinion. Results were presented as incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs, i.e. the cost per QALY gained) for treatment-experienced (TE) and treatment-naïve (TN) patients. Uncertainty was explored through a range of sensitivity analyses.
resultsDiscounting costs and QALYs at 3.5% per annum, avelumab was associated with ICERs of £35,274 (TE)/£39,178 (TN) per QALY gained. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis results demonstrated that avelumab was associated with an 88.3% (TE)/69.3% (TN) probability of being cost effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold for end-of-life treatments of £50,000 per QALY gained. Results were most sensitive to alternative survival extrapolations and dosing assumptions.
conclusionsThe analysis results suggest that avelumab is likely to be a cost-effective treatment option for UK mMCC patients. The results for TN patients are subject to some uncertainty, and a confirmatory analysis will be conducted with more mature data.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.