ArticleBMJ open2019
Spatial distribution and temporal trends in social fragmentation in England, 2001-2011: a national study.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Area-level Measures of the Social Environment: Operationalization, Pitfalls, and Ways Forward.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2024Review
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6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
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Abstract
objectiveSocial fragmentation is commonly examined in epidemiological studies of mental illness as high levels of social fragmentation are often found in areas with high prevalence of mental illness. In this study, we examine spatial and temporal patterns of social fragmentation and its underlying indicators in England over time.
settingData for social fragmentation and its underlying indicators were analysed over the decennial Censuses (2001-2011) at a small area geographical level (mean of 1500 people). Degrees of social fragmentation and temporal changes were spatially visualised for the whole of England and its 10 administrative regions. Spatial clustering was quantified using Moran's I; changes in correlations over time were quantified using Spearman's ranking correlation.
resultsBetween 2001 and 2011, we observed a strong persistence for social fragmentation nationally (Spearman's r=0.93). At the regional level, modest changes were observed over time, but marked increases were observed for two of the four social fragmentation underlying indicators, namely single people and those in private renting. Results supported our hypothesis of increasing spatial clustering over time. Moderate regional variability was observed in social fragmentation, its underlying indicators and their clustering over time.
conclusionPatterns of social fragmentation and its underlying indicators persisted in England which seem to be driven by the large increases in single people and those in private renting. Policies to improve social cohesion may have an impact on the lives of persons who experience mental illness. The spatial aspect of social fragmentation can inform the targeting of health and social care interventions, particularly in areas with strong social fragmentation clustering.
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