ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2019
Cerebrospinal fluid levels of glial marker YKL-40 strongly associated with axonal injury in HIV infection.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Rapid decline of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of axonal injury and neuroinflammation after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Opioid Dependence: Evidence of Neuroimmune Activation and Ion Composition Changes, Without Alteration in Orexin-A.Addiction biology · 2025Article
- Chitinase-3-like-1: a multifaceted player in neuroinflammation and degenerative pathologies with therapeutic implications.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- Maternal and child immune profiles are associated with neurometabolite measures of early-life neuroinflammation in children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected: a South African birth cohort.Wellcome open research · 2025Article
- Changes in cerebrospinal fluid proteins across the spectrum of untreated and treated chronic HIV-1 infection.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Dementia, infections and vaccines: 30 years of controversy.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2023Review
- Cohort profile: InfCareHIV, a prospective registry-based cohort study of people with diagnosed HIV in Sweden.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Residual Central Nervous System Immune Activation Is Not Prevented by Antiretroviral Therapy Initiated During Early Chronic HIV Infection.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Characterization of Macrophage-Tropic HIV-1 Infection of Central Nervous System Cells and the Influence of Inflammation.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- West Nile Virus Neuroinfection in Humans: Peripheral Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Damage.Viruses · 2022Article
- Article
- Cognitive and Neuronal Link With Inflammation: A Longitudinal Study in People With and Without HIV Infection.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- Comparison of [11C]-PBR28 Binding Between Persons Living With HIV and HIV-Uninfected Individuals.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- Beta amyloid levels in cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-infected people vary by exposure to antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Evaluating predictive markers for viral rebound and safety assessment in blood and lumbar fluid during HIV-1 treatment interruption.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2020Article
- Transcriptomic analysis of brain tissues identifies a role for CCAAT enhancer binding protein β in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Article
- Circulating levels of ATP is a biomarker of HIV cognitive impairment.EBioMedicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV-1 infects the central nervous system (CNS) shortly after transmission. This leads to a chronic intrathecal immune activation. YKL-40, a biomarker that mainly reflects activation of astroglial cells, has not been thoroughly investigated in relation to HIV. The objective of our study was to characterize cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) YKL-40 in chronic HIV infection, with and without antiretroviral treatment (ART).
methodsYKL-40, neopterin, and the axonal marker neurofilament light protein (NFL) were analyzed with ELISA in archived CSF samples from 120 HIV-infected individuals (85 untreated neuroasymptomatic patients, 7 with HIV-associated dementia, and 28 on effective ART) and 39 HIV-negative controls.
resultsCSF YKL-40 was significantly higher in patients with HIV-associated dementia compared to all other groups. It was also higher in untreated neuroasymptomatic individuals with CD4 cell count < 350 compared to controls. Significant correlations were found between CSF YKL-40 and age (r = 0.38, p < 0.001), CD4 (r = - 0.36, p < 0.001), plasma HIV RNA (r = 0.35, p < 0.001), CSF HIV RNA (r = 0.35, p < 0.001), CSF neopterin (r = 0.40, p < 0.001), albumin ratio (r = 0.44, p < 0.001), and CSF NFL (r = 0.71, p < 0.001). Age, CD4 cell count, albumin ratio, and CSF HIV RNA were found as independent predictors of CSF YKL-40 concentrations in multivariable analysis. In addition, CSF YKL-40 was revealed as a strong independent predictor of CSF NFL together with age, CSF neopterin, and CD4 cell count.
conclusionsCSF YKL-40 is a promising biomarker candidate for understanding the pathogenesis of HIV in the CNS. The strong correlation between CSF YKL-40 and NFL suggests a pathogenic association between astroglial activation and axonal injury, and implies its utility in assessing the prognostic value of YKL-40.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.