ReviewMolecular cancer2019
The relationship between autophagy and the immune system and its applications for tumor immunotherapy.
Review in Molecular cancer, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 237 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
237 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Identification of 4 autophagy-related genetic variants as risk factors for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Blood advances · 2025Pooled it
- Polymorphisms within autophagy-related genes as susceptibility biomarkers for pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis of three large European cohorts and functional characterization.International journal of cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Anticancer Potentials of the Lignan Magnolin: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Pooled it
- Durable response to CAR T is associated with elevated activation and clonotypic expansion of the cytotoxic native T cell repertoire.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- AMPK as a central regulator of necroptosis: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2026Review
- Autophagy Modulation in Cancer Therapy: Navigating the Dual Roles to Overcome Chemoresistance.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Exploratory Analysis of Autophagy-related Genes and Immune Infiltration in Human Hippocampal Tissue of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- TLR7 induces autophagy in non-small cell lung cancer tumor cells and influences anti-tumors responses in patients.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- Targeting Autophagy to Overcome Chemoresistance and Immune Resistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2026Review
- Zika virus: unraveling the complex interplay between viral pathogenesis and host immune defenses.Virology journal · 2026Review
- The interplay between autophagy and immunogenic cell death: nanomaterial-based strategies for cancer immunotherapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Crosstalk between inflammation and autophagy in CeD organoids.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer: from mechanism to therapeutic implications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Interplay Between Autophagy, Cellular Senescence, and Brain Aging: Neuroprotective Implications of Intermittent Fasting.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Autophagy Modulation in Cancer Immunotherapy, Emerging Molecular Targets and Drug Selection Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Autophagy-dependent cell death and immune responses induced by heteroleptic copper(II), manganese(II), and silver(I) complexes containing dicarboxylate and 1,10-phenanthroline ligands: novel insights from in vitro and in vivo models.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Article
- Multifunctional extracellular vesicles inhibiting autophagy ameliorate immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- A tumor-targeted heptamethine cyanine dye suppresses triple-negative breast cancer by induction of lethal autophagy.Theranostics · 2026Article
- An integrative ultrastructural and transcriptomic analysis of host-pathogen interactions with human brain microvascular endothelial cells during cryptococcal infection: a preliminary study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- The Role of Immunosenescence and Inflammaging in the Susceptibility of Older Adults to SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2026Review
177 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autophagy is a genetically well-controlled cellular process that is tightly controlled by a set of core genes, including the family of autophagy-related genes (ATG). Autophagy is a "double-edged sword" in tumors. It can promote or suppress tumor development, which depends on the cell and tissue types and the stages of tumor. At present, tumor immunotherapy is a promising treatment strategy against tumors. Recent studies have shown that autophagy significantly controls immune responses by modulating the functions of immune cells and the production of cytokines. Conversely, some cytokines and immune cells have a great effect on the function of autophagy. Therapies aiming at autophagy to enhance the immune responses and anti-tumor effects of immunotherapy have become the prospective strategy, with enhanced antigen presentation and higher sensitivity to CTLs. However, the induction of autophagy may also benefit tumor cells escape from immune surveillance and result in intrinsic resistance against anti-tumor immunotherapy. Increasing studies have proven the optimal use of either ATG inducers or inhibitors can restrain tumor growth and progression by enhancing anti-tumor immune responses and overcoming the anti-tumor immune resistance in combination with several immunotherapeutic strategies, indicating that induction or inhibition of autophagy might show us a prospective therapeutic strategy when combined with immunotherapy. In this article, the possible mechanisms of autophagy regulating immune system, and the potential applications of autophagy in tumor immunotherapy will be discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.