ArticleNutrients2019
Common Ingredient Profiles of Multi-Ingredient Pre-Workout Supplements.
Article in Nutrients, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of Beta-Alanine Supplementation on Physical Performance in Aerobic-Anaerobic Transition Zones: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Comparative effects of caffeine, beta-alanine, and their combination on mechanical, physiological, and perceptual responses to upper-body superset resistance training.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Trial
- Caffeine, but not paracetamol (acetaminophen), enhances muscular endurance, strength, and power.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024Trial
- Effects of Acute Citrulline Malate Supplementation on CrossFitNutrients · 2024Trial
- Effects of 3 days of citrulline malate supplementation on short-duration repeated sprint running performance in male team sport athletes.European journal of sport science · 2024Trial
- The effects of L-Citrulline and Glutathione on Endurance performance in young adult trained males.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2023Trial
- Effects of resistance exercise alone or with caffeine on hemodynamics, autonomic modulation and arterial stiffness in resistance-trained women.European journal of applied physiology · 2023Trial
- The Effect of Acute Pre-Workout Supplement Ingestion on Basketball-Specific Performance of Well-Trained Athletes.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Multi-Ingredient Pre-Workout Supplement and Caffeine on Bench Press Performance: A Single-Blind Cross-Over Study.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Acute Effect of Caffeine-Based Multi-Ingredient Supplement on Reactive Agility and Jump Height in Recreational Handball Players.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Effects of a Multi-Ingredient Oral Supplement on Multiple Object Tracking, Reaction Time, and Reactive Agility.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Multi-Ingredient Preworkout Supplementation across a Five-Day Resistance and Endurance Training Microcycle in Middle-Aged Adults.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Metabolic and perceived effort responses following acute multi-ingredient pre-workout supplementation prior to high-intensity functional training workouts.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Applications of food science innovations in sports nutrition: from laboratory research to endurance sports practice.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Acute Effects of a Multi-Ingredient Preworkout Supplement on Peak Torque and Muscle Excitation During an Isokinetic Fatigue Protocol.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Caffeine Intoxication: An Analysis of Published Case Reports, 1883–2023.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025Review
- The Effect of Consuming Caffeine Before Late Afternoon/Evening Training or Competition on Sleep: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Common Questions and Misconceptions About Energy Drinks: What Does the Scientific Evidence Really Show?Nutrients · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multi-ingredient pre-workout supplements are a popular class of dietary supplements which are purported to improve exercise performance. However, the composition of these products varies substantially between formulations, thus making comparisons challenging. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify a common ingredient profile of top-selling pre-workout supplements and to compare ingredient dosages to established efficacious values. The top 100 commercially available pre-workout products were analyzed for listed ingredients and amounts, if available, from the supplement facts panel. The mean ± SD number of ingredients per supplement (
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.