Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30677137›Full record

Trial reportJournal of the experimental analysis of behavior2019

A Monte Carlo method for comparing generalized estimating equations to conventional statistical techniques for discounting data.

Jonathan E Friedel, William B DeHart, Anne M Foreman, Michael E Andrew

Abstract readComparative StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  5. Article
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  8. Article
  9. Editorial: Behavior Science for the Public Welfare.Perspectives on behavior science · 2019
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jonathan E FriedelNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
William B DeHartVirginia Tech Carillion Research Institute.
Anne M ForemanNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
Michael E AndrewNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Discounting is the process by which outcomes lose value. Much of discounting research has focused on differences in the degree of discounting across various groups. This research has relied heavily on conventional null hypothesis significance tests that are familiar to psychologists, such as t-tests and ANOVAs. As discounting research questions have become more complex by simultaneously focusing on within-subject and between-group differences, conventional statistical testing is often not appropriate for the obtained data. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) are one type of mixed-effects model that are designed to handle autocorrelated data, such as within-subject repeated-measures data, and are therefore more appropriate for discounting data. To determine if GEE provides similar results as conventional statistical tests, we compared the techniques across 2,000 simulated data sets. The data sets were created using a Monte Carlo method based on an existing data set. Across the simulated data sets, the GEE and the conventional statistical tests generally provided similar patterns of results. As the GEE and more conventional statistical tests provide the same pattern of result, we suggest researchers use the GEE because it was designed to handle data that has the structure that is typical of discounting data.

Indexed as

Data Interpretation, StatisticalDelay DiscountingModels, StatisticalMonte Carlo MethodStatistics as TopicAccidents, TrafficAnalysis of VarianceDecision MakingHumansLikelihood FunctionsProbabilityResearch DesignText Messagingdiscountinggeneralized estimating equationsmixed-effects modelsMonte Carlo

Identifiers

PMID30677137
PMCPMC6425469

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.