ArticleChildhood obesity (Print)2019
Home and Family Environment Related to Development of Obesity: A 21-Year Longitudinal Study.
Article in Childhood obesity (Print), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sustained effects of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements provided during the first 1000 days on child growth at 9-11 y in a randomized controlled trial in Ghana.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Trial
- The Families and Schools for Health Project: A Longitudinal Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Targeting Children with Overweight and Obesity.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- The mediating effects of home environment on the relationship between maternal BMI and childhood obesity: Findings from the ECHO-wide cohort.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Early Reward Learning and the Origins of Obesity: Food, Non-Food Reward, and Developing Self-Regulation.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Family Nutrition and Physical Activity Screening Tool for Portuguese Well-Child Visits.Child: care, health and development · 2026Article
- The longitudinal impact of individual and parental emotional factors and individual behavioral factors on weight and disordered eating: A scoping review.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Integrating digital health into pediatric obesity management: Current practices and future perspectives.Obesity pillars · 2025Review
- Protocol for the infant growth and development (iGrowUp) study: the role of food and non-food self-regulation in children's obesity-related risk.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Family stress and child BMIz during the COVID-19 pandemic: exploring the mediating effects of cortisol.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Article
- The Impact of Parental Behaviors on Children's Lifestyle, Dietary Habits, Screen Time, Sleep Patterns, Mental Health, and BMI: A Scoping Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Reprogramming energy homeostasis in children with overweight through cognitive training and social interaction. A study protocol to estimate leptin sensitivity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- A Feasibility Study of a Music Enrichment Program on Relative Reinforcing Value of Food and Home Environmental Enrichment among Families of Low Socioeconomic Status.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Psychosocial Adjustment as a Mediator in the Relationship between Childhood Exposure to Maternal Depression and Subsequent BMI and Overweight Risk.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Neighborhood Disadvantage and Parenting in Early Adolescence Predict Epigenetic Aging and Mortality Risk in Adulthood.Journal of youth and adolescence · 2024Article
- Experiences of childhood weight management among Norwegian fathers of children with overweight or obesity - a qualitative interview study.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2023Review
- Embracing parenting role in childhood obesity.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Reinforcing value of food, enriched home environment, and changes in percent overweight in children.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Article
- Interaction between Geographical Areas and Family Environment of Dietary Habits, Physical Activity, Nutritional Knowledge and Obesity of Adolescents.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Struggling with overweight or obesity in children - fathers' perceptions and experiences of contributing factors, role and responsibility.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2022Article
- Examining the Relationship between Infant Weight Status and Parent-Infant Interactions within a Food and Nonfood Context.Childhood obesity (Print) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEarly-life conditions are important for the development of obesity. We hypothesized that home and family characteristics reflective of less supportive environments during childhood will be associated with higher adult BMI and faster BMI growth between ages 5 and 21 years. We also examined the timing and acceleration of BMI increase by adult weight status (normal weight, overweight, obese, and extremely obese) to discern how BMI increase differs across group and across time.
methodsBMI was assessed in 1000 Chilean youth (52% female) at ages 5, 10, 15, and 21 years. Latent growth curve analysis modeled BMI trajectories from 5 to 21 years. Observer and maternal ratings assessed children's home and family environments and parenting at 1 and 10 years.
resultsThe four weight groups differed in acceleration of BMI increase starting at age 5, with bigger children getting bigger faster. Higher 21-year BMI related to family stress, father absence, maternal depression, frequent child confinement (in playpen), an unclean home environment at 1 year, and low provision for active stimulation and few stimulating experiences at 10 years. Accelerated BMI increase related to lower learning stimulation in the home at 1 year and less parental warmth and acceptance at child age 10.
conclusionsHome and family characteristics that reflect an absence of support for children's development were associated with overweight/obesity in young adulthood and accelerated BMI growth. Findings identify several home and family characteristics that can serve as preventive or intervention targets.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.