ArticlePsychological review2019
Habits without values.
Article in Psychological review, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 133 papers.
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Who cites it
133 citing papers in PubMed, 279 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dopamine D2-receptor blockade in humans disrupts the effect of effort on learning.PLoS biology · 2026Trial
- Computationally Informed Insights Into Anhedonia and Treatment by Kappa Opioid Receptor Antagonism.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Evolution of behavioral flexibility and the forming and breaking of habits.Evolution letters · 2026Article
- Automatic value learning results in counterproductive human behavior.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Human curriculum learning of a cue combination task.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- Dissociable roles of prefrontal plasticity in decision-making strategy and execution of habitual behavior.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Competing value signals impair reward-learning via dopaminergic mechanisms and increase exploration.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Auditory perceptual maps in humans and mice share common structures and predict perceptual decisions in discrimination learning.Communications psychology · 2026Article
- Flexible route planning and rapid structure learning by mice in complex environments.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A computational model of reward learning and habits on social media.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Recurrent Neural Network Exploration Strategies During Reinforcement Learning Depend on Network Capacity.Computational brain & behavior · 2026Article
- Reference-point dependent reinforcement learning in humans and rats.Nature communications · 2026Article
- AI-Discovered Cognitive Models Reveal Novel Insights into Human and Animal Learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Context-dependent interaction between goal-directed and habitual control under time pressure.Communications psychology · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporally Distinct Dopamine Domains in the Hippocampus.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Hybrid neural-cognitive models reveal how memory shapes human reward learning.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- Fentanyl reinforcement history has sex-specific effects on multi-step decision-making.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Dorsal prefrontal cortex drives perseverative behavior in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Acetylcholine demixes heterogeneous dopamine signals for learning and moving.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
73 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Habits form a crucial component of behavior. In recent years, key computational models have conceptualized habits as arising from model-free reinforcement learning mechanisms, which typically select between available actions based on the future value expected to result from each. Traditionally, however, habits have been understood as behaviors that can be triggered directly by a stimulus, without requiring the animal to evaluate expected outcomes. Here, we develop a computational model instantiating this traditional view, in which habits develop through the direct strengthening of recently taken actions rather than through the encoding of outcomes. We demonstrate that this model accounts for key behavioral manifestations of habits, including insensitivity to outcome devaluation and contingency degradation, as well as the effects of reinforcement schedule on the rate of habit formation. The model also explains the prevalent observation of perseveration in repeated-choice tasks as an additional behavioral manifestation of the habit system. We suggest that mapping habitual behaviors onto value-free mechanisms provides a parsimonious account of existing behavioral and neural data. This mapping may provide a new foundation for building robust and comprehensive models of the interaction of habits with other, more goal-directed types of behaviors and help to better guide research into the neural mechanisms underlying control of instrumental behavior more generally. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.