SynthesisPsychological bulletin2019
Coupled cognitive changes in adulthood: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Psychological bulletin, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cognitive Function in Patients With Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS).European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Cognitive performance declines in older adults with type 1 diabetes: results from 32 years of follow-up in the DCCT and EDIC Study.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2021Trial
- Article
- A longitudinal resource for mapping interindividual variation in the aging connectome.Scientific data · 2026Article
- Brain maintenance biomarkers from structural and functional interactions in aging and neurodegeneration.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Effect of Environment on the Cognition of Older Adults: A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Trajectories of pain and cognitive function: 22 years of evidence in mid-to-later life.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Cognitive dedifferentiation in later life: longitudinal findings from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- High brain network system segregation is differentially linked with cognitive performance across the life span.Network neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Domain-specific changes in everyday cognition: Associations with diagnosis change and gray matter volume change.Neuropsychology · 2026Article
- The association between mobility and a cognitive measure of attention and processing speed in middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Low mood, not anxiety, connected with micro facial expression recognition.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Vulnerability to memory decline in aging revealed by a mega-analysis of structural brain change.Nature communications · 2025Article
- 10-year longitudinal dopamine D2-receptor losses are associated with cognitive decline in healthy aging.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2025Article
- An open, longitudinal resource for mapping interindividual variation in the aging connectome.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Diffindo! Precise language comprehension in older adulthood revealed by event-related brain potential studies of domain knowledge.Cognition · 2025Article
- DunedinPACNI estimates the longitudinal Pace of Aging from a single brain image to track health and disease.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Changes in cognitive functioning and quality of life after relocation to a nursing home: a prospective longitudinal study of Swiss nursing home residents.European journal of ageing · 2025Article
- Education, Occupational Environment, and Cognitive Function in Later Life.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- An estimate of the longitudinal pace of aging from a single brain scan predicts dementia conversion, morbidity, and mortality.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
With advancing age, healthy adults typically exhibit decreases in performance across many different cognitive abilities such as memory, processing speed, spatial ability, and abstract reasoning. However, there are marked individual differences in rates of cognitive decline, with some adults declining steeply and others maintaining high levels of functioning. To move toward a comprehensive understanding of cognitive aging, it is critical to know whether individual differences in longitudinal changes interrelate across different cognitive abilities. We identified 89 effect sizes representing shared variance in longitudinal cognitive change from 22 unique datasets composed of more than 30,000 unique individuals, which we meta-analyzed using a series of multilevel metaregression models. An average of 60% of the variation in cognitive changes was shared across cognitive abilities. Shared variation in changes increased with age, from approximately 45% at age 35 years to approximately 70% at age 85 years. There was a moderate-to-strong correspondence (r = .49, congruence coefficient = .98) between the extent to which a variable indicated general intelligence and the extent to which change in that variable indicated a general factor of aging-related change. Shared variation in changes did not differ substantially across cognitive ability domain classifications. In a sensitivity analysis based on studies that carefully controlled for dementia, shared variation in longitudinal cognitive changes remained at upward of 60%, and age-related increases in shared variation in cognitive changes continued to be evident. These results together provide strong evidence for a general factor of cognitive aging that strengthens with advancing adult age. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.