ArticleTropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines2019
Travelers' diarrhea: update on the incidence, etiology and risk in military and similar populations - 1990-2005 versus 2005-2015, does a decade make a difference?
Article in Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06122870 (Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of CampETEC Hyperimmune Bovine Colostrum), which is not on this map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of CampETEC Hyperimmune Bovine Colostrum (HBC) for the Prevention of Campylobacter-Mediated Diarrheal Diseases
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence and risk factors for travellers' diarrhoea among short-term international adult travellers from high-income countries: a systematic review with meta-analysis of cohort studies.Journal of travel medicine · 2025Pooled it
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- Oral delivery of Hyperimmune bovine serum antibodies against CS6-expressing enterotoxigenicGut microbes · 2020Trial
- Impact of Oral Pre-Exposure Secretory IgA Prophylactic Produced in Rice on Gut Microbiome Homeostasis.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and impact of travellers' diarrhoea differs during UK military training exercises in Kenya and Oman.BMJ military health · 2026Article
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- Immunogenicity and preclinical efficacy characterization of ShecVax, a combined vaccine againstInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Evidence of pathogens associated with travelers' diarrhea in Thailand: a systematic review.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2025Article
- Conserved antigens for enteric vaccines.Vaccine · 2025Review
- A RecombinantInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Norovirus acute gastroenteritis amongst US and European travellers to areas of moderate to high risk of travellers' diarrhoea: a prospective cohort study.Journal of travel medicine · 2024Observational
- Article
- Shigella-Controlled Human Infection Models: Current and Future Perspectives.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2024Review
- Global burden and trends of norovirus-associated diseases from 1990 to 2021 an observational trend study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Observational
- The Controlled Human Infection Model for Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2024Review
- Epidemiological trends of traveler's diarrhea in Japan: An analysis of imported infectious disease registry data from 2017-2022.Global health & medicine · 2023Article
- Protein-based vaccine candidate MecVax broadly protects against enterotoxigenicInfection and immunity · 2023Article
- A First in Human Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety and Immunogenicity of Two Intradermally Delivered EnterotoxigenicMicroorganisms · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTravelers' diarrhea remains a prevalent illness impacting individuals visiting developing countries, however most studies have focused on this disease in the context of short term travel. This study aims to determine the regional estimates of travelers' diarrhea incidence, pathogen-specific prevalence, and describe the morbidity associated with diarrheal disease among deployed military personnel and similar long term travelers.
methodsWe updated a prior systematic review to include publications between January 1990 and June 2015. Point estimates and confidence intervals of travelers' diarrhea and pathogen prevalence were combined in a random effects model and assessed for heterogeneity. Eighty-two studies were included in the analysis, including 29 new studies since the prior systematic review.
resultsMilitary personnel were evaluated in 69% of studies and non-military long term travelers in 34%, with a median duration of travel of 4.9 months, and travel predominantly to the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean. Sixty-two percent of tested cases were due to bacterial pathogens, with enterotoxigenic
conclusionsIn comparison to results from the prior systematic review, there were no significant differences in incidence, pathogen prevalence, or morbidity; however there was a trend toward improved care-seeking by sick individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.