ReviewPharmaceutical research2019
Review of Biomarkers in Ocular Matrices: Challenges and Opportunities.
Review in Pharmaceutical research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Can MicroRNAs Serve as Diagnostic Biomarkers for Glaucoma? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Their Diagnostic Significance.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of mass spectrometry proteomics applied to ocular fluids to assess potential biomarkers of age-related macular degeneration.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Pooled it
- Recent Advances in Proteomics-Based Approaches to Studying Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Lactoferrin Concentration in Human Tears and Ocular Diseases: A Meta-Analysis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Pooled it
- Correlation between aqueous humour cytokine and imaging biomarker in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion-Macular Edema.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Transcending genome-wide association studies to create useful multi-omic views of glaucoma.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2026Review
- Oculomics: advances and perspectives from traditional Chinese medicine to modern multimodal biomarkers.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Serum Alpha-1-Antitrypsin and Folic Acid as Biomarkers for Glaucoma Risk.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Precision Medicine in Diabetic Retinopathy: The Role of Genetic and Epigenetic Biomarkers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Optical Contact Lenses Biosensors.ACS sensors · 2025Review
- The microenvironment of ocular surface in keratoconus: a systematic review.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2025Review
- Reference genes validation in tear fluid for RNA analysis in ocular surface disease.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- Novel Tear Biomarkers in Ocular Graft Versus Host Disease Associated with Th1/Th2 Immune Responses: A Case Series and Literature Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cornea Oculomics: A Clinical Blueprint for Extending Corneal Diagnostics and Artificial Intelligence in Systemic Health Insights.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Retinal Biomarkers in Diabetic Retinopathy: From Early Detection to Personalized Treatment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Fungal infection monitoring on corneal epithelium ex vivo model and its collection over polyethersulfone membrane for detecting Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2025Article
- Current Strategies and Future Directions of Wearable Biosensors for Measuring Stress Biochemical Markers for Neuropsychiatric Applications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Oxidative Stress in Dry Eye Disease: A Bibliometric Analysis.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Biomarkers provide a powerful and dynamic approach to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying ocular diseases with applications in diagnosis, disease modulation or for predicting and monitoring of clinical response to treatment. Defined as measurable indicator of normal or pathological processes, biomarker evaluation has been used extensively in drug development within clinical settings to better comprehend effectiveness of treatment in ocular diseases. Biomarkers in the eye have the advantage of access to multiple ocular matrices via minimally invasive methods. Repeat sampling for biomarker assessment has enabled reproducible objective measures of disease process or biological responses to a drug treatment. This review describes the usage of biomarkers with respect to four commonly sampled ocular matrices in clinic: tears, conjunctiva, aqueous humor and vitreous. Issues that affect the evaluation of biomarkers are discussed along with opportunities to leverage biomarkers such that ultimately, they can be used for customized targeted therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.